Officer Kildare was desperate for a first arrest. He convinced honest Clark that if he made it clear to the neighborhood thug Brutus that he wasn't welcome in the neighborhood, he would only receive a citation. Clark approached Brutus with a baseball bat, swung it at him once, and told him to, "Scram!" When Brutus refused to budge, Clark swung the bat at Brutus' shoulder. Officer Kildare arrested Clark for assault and battery. Clark claims _____ as his defense.