Factors Affecting Genetic Variation Answers

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1
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The map shows the allele frequency of sickled hemoglobin (HbS) and malaria endemicity in Africa. Which statement best explains the relationship between HbS allele frequency and malaria endemicity in Africa?

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A
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 4.04.
B
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0.52 and 4.04.
C
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 12.64 and 18.18.
D
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 0.51.
2
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In terms of natural selection, what is the best description of an organism that is fit?

A
The organism is physically stronger than competing organisms.
B
The organism is physically stronger than organisms of a different species.
C
The organism is better able to survive and pass on traits to offspring than competing organisms.
D
The organism is a member of a population in which every member survives without competing.
3

A frog has more offspring than can survive on available resources.Of which is this an example?

A
structural adaptation
B
overpopulation
C
variation in a population
D
artificial selection
4

Which statement describes natural selection?

A
It is the primary mechanism for evolution.
B
It must act on structural traits.
C
It acts to cause overpopulation.
D
It causes learned skills to become heritable traits.
5

Koalas are marsupials that are found in eastern Australia. Although their ancestors lived mostly on the ground, modern koalas spend most of their time in eucalyptus trees. This is possible because their hands and feet have strong claws and opposable digits.What other adaptation could have helped koalas as they evolved from land dwellers to tree dwellers?

Question illustration
A
the ability to have several offspring at one time
B
fur color that closely matches the eucalyptus bark color
C
longer hind legs that allow for faster running
D
better ability to communicate with their peers
6

Which was Charles Darwin’s contribution to the study of biology?

A
He was the first person to recognize that organisms change over time.
B
He believed that organisms adapted through the inheritance of acquired traits.
C
He explained how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
D
He proposed that natural selection is the primary mechanism of evolution.
7

According to the concept of “survival of the fittest," if a population of birds eats worms that they find deep under ground by using their beaks, which members of the bird population would be more fit?

A
birds that have flatter beaks
B
birds that have longer beaks
C
birds that have wider beaks
D
birds that have brighter beaks
8

Which statement would least likely be used to describe variation?

A
Variations are inherited differences between individuals of the same species.
B
Variations that decrease reproductive success are more likely to be passed on.
C
Variations may result in changes to an entire population after many generations.
D
Variations provide some individuals with an advantage.
9

Natural selection is a process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to

A
increase in size.
B
migrate.
C
evolve new traits.
D
survive.
10

Consider this image of a gazelle.Which of the gazelle’s naturally selected traits is shown in this picture to be an evolutionary advantage?

Question illustration
A
feeding only at certain times of the day
B
coat color for blending in with dry grass
C
specialized gut due to a diet of grasses
D
specific gender roles to diminish predation

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