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Factors Affecting Genetic Variation Answers

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1
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A frog has more offspring than can survive on available resources.Of which is this an example?

A
structural adaptation
B
overpopulation
C
variation in a population
D
artificial selection
2
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Which best describes the relationship between evolution and natural selection?

A
Natural selection leads to evolution.
B
Evolution leads to natural selection.
C
Natural selection is the same as evolution.
D
Evolution and natural selection are not related.
3

According to the concept of “survival of the fittest," if a population of birds eats worms that they find deep under ground by using their beaks, which members of the bird population would be more fit?

A
birds that have flatter beaks
B
birds that have longer beaks
C
birds that have wider beaks
D
birds that have brighter beaks
4

In terms of natural selection, what is the best description of an organism that is fit?

A
The organism is physically stronger than competing organisms.
B
The organism is physically stronger than organisms of a different species.
C
The organism is better able to survive and pass on traits to offspring than competing organisms.
D
The organism is a member of a population in which every member survives without competing.
5

Which organism exhibits behavioral adaptation?

A
an owl with large pupils and eyes that enable it to see better at night
B
a possum playing dead to increase its chances of survival
C
an insect that mimics its environment to hide from its predators
D
a desert plant that sheds its leaves to lessen water loss during the dry season
6

During a trip to the Galapagos Islands, which observation led Charles Darwin to suspect that organisms change over time?

A
Island finches were able to breed with mainland species.
B
Island finches resembled mainland finches, but were not the same species.
C
Island finches resembled extinct species from other islands around the world.
D
Island finches did not have beaks of the same size and shape.
7

Koalas are marsupials that are found in eastern Australia. Although their ancestors lived mostly on the ground, modern koalas spend most of their time in eucalyptus trees. This is possible because their hands and feet have strong claws and opposable digits.What other adaptation could have helped koalas as they evolved from land dwellers to tree dwellers?

Question illustration
A
the ability to have several offspring at one time
B
fur color that closely matches the eucalyptus bark color
C
longer hind legs that allow for faster running
D
better ability to communicate with their peers
8

The map shows the allele frequency of sickled hemoglobin (HbS) and malaria endemicity in Africa. Which statement best explains the relationship between HbS allele frequency and malaria endemicity in Africa?

Question illustration
A
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 4.04.
B
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0.52 and 4.04.
C
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 12.64 and 18.18.
D
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 0.51.
9

Which was Charles Darwin’s contribution to the study of biology?

A
He was the first person to recognize that organisms change over time.
B
He believed that organisms adapted through the inheritance of acquired traits.
C
He explained how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
D
He proposed that natural selection is the primary mechanism of evolution.
10

Charles Darwin observed a unique beak size and shape in the finch population of each of the Galapagos Islands that he visited. Which is the most likely cause of the observed variation?

Question illustration
A
differences in the climate among the islands
B
competition among individuals for available food sources
C
competition among individuals for desirable mates
D
differences in egg size among the populations

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