AnswersVRHS EN401 English IV S2Part 3: The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: Making Inferences and Predictions

Faulty Reasoning and Fallacies Answers

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1
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Read the argument excerpt.Owning a saltwater aquarium is a popular hobby. The exotic beauty of fish for these miniature habitats attracts many people to the pastime. One unusual addition is the lionfish—a particularly striking species with red-and-white stripes, flowy fins, and a series of long spines down its back. Lionfish are native to the Indo-Pacific region where they are a top predator in the coral reefs of tropical waters.Choosing a lionfish for a saltwater aquarium should be a careful decision, though. Some people purchase this unique fish, and then, when they grow tired of the work needed to maintain an aquarium, set the fish free. This action has been a notably distressing problem off Florida and up the Atlantic Coast. Lionfish are a novel species in this region and other animals are confused by their look and behavior. As a result, smaller fish and invertebrates become easy prey for the lionfish. The total irresponsibility of saltwater fish owners has disturbed the ecological balance in the Atlantic. Therefore, aquarium owners who decide to have lionfish or other saltwater fish species are a main cause for environmental damage in the region. There should be immediate and strict regulation on the aquarium fish industry.

A
It blames lionfish’s appearance for causing environmental damage.
B
It points out the benefits and challenges of owning a saltwater aquarium.
C
It creates a false choice between selecting fish species for aquariums or caring for the environment.
D
It exaggerates the impact of releasing saltwater fish to support the argument that regulation is needed.
4

Read the excerpt.Everybody needs a boost of energy at times, and caffeine is an easy way to wake up. Most people in the United States immediately grab for coffee to get a jolt of caffeine. While caffeine in coffee can be a tasty way to energize, caffeine also has drawbacks to healthy living, such as digestive issues, high blood pressure, and rapid heart rate. A more health-conscious alternative is peppermint oil. Peppermint oil provides an energizing effect that can increase brain oxygen levels and increase performance. Trying to increase focus by drinking coffee instead of using peppermint oil guarantees future health complications.

A
The false dilemma diminishes the author’s credibility by failing to present options other than coffee and peppermint oil.
B
The audience is likely to dismiss the claims because the author criticizes the use of coffee, which most people enjoy.
C
The argument distracts from the strong evidence for peppermint oil because it compares it to coffee, which is too dissimilar.
D
The non sequitur invites criticism because it connects coffee’s and peppermint oil’s effects without showing an actual correlation.
5

What is the meaning of false dilemma?

A
presenting only two options when more are possible
B
distorting an opposing viewpoint in an extreme way
C
assuming that two things are alike in more ways than they are
D
giving a statement that is illogically connected to a previous idea
7

Read the excerpt from Jamal’s argumentative essay.If fruit is an essential part of a balanced diet, then milkshakes should be considered a health food. Strawberries are the main ingredient in strawberry milkshakes. By incorporating fruit into the milkshake, it changes from an unhealthy snack to a nutritious treat. Vegetables can even be added to maximize health benefits. Adding milkshakes to the food pyramid would be an asset to all health-conscious individuals.

A
If fruit is an essential part of a balanced diet, then milkshakes should be considered a health food.
B
Strawberries are the main ingredient in strawberry milkshakes.
C
By incorporating fruit into the milkshake, it changes from an unhealthy snack to a nutritious treat.
D
Vegetables can even be added to maximize health benefits.
8

Read the excerpt.Pushing the keys on a piano activates wood hammers inside the instrument that strike strings inside, which then resonate to produce sound. The piano is usually categorized as a percussion instrument since percussion instruments create sound through impact between materials. However, a piano’s strings also make it akin to string instruments. A pianist can quickly learn to play many types of instruments because they are so closely related to the piano.

A
The audience is inclined to dismiss the author’s arguments since other instruments are not described.
B
The audience is distracted from the argument by the incomplete description of the piano’s components and design.
C
The audience becomes critical of the argument because the claim and evidence do not correlate.
D
The audience becomes distrustful of the author’s credibility since pianos are very different from other percussion instruments.

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