What is meant by the unexpected consequences of environmental manipulation?
Unexpected consequences are the unintended, often harmful side effects that result from altering the environment, such as introducing a species that becomes invasive or pesticides that harm beneficial wildlife.
Explain why biological control methods are generally environmentally superior to chemical pest control methods.
Biological control uses natural predators or pathogens that target specific pests, reducing chemical pollution, preventing pesticide resistance, and causing fewer unintended effects on non-target species and ecosystems.
Explain why clear-cutting is a more destructive method of wood harvesting than selective cutting.
Clear-cutting removes every tree in an area, completely destroying habitat, increasing soil erosion, and preventing natural regrowth, whereas selective cutting removes only chosen mature trees and leaves the rest of the forest intact.
Explain what type of logging would most likely necessitate reforestation afterwards.
Clear-cutting would most likely require reforestation afterward because it removes all trees, leaving the area without natural seed sources for regrowth.
Explain why the populations of great apes in Africa are declining.
Great ape populations in Africa are declining mainly because of habitat loss from deforestation, logging, agriculture, and mining, along with poaching and disease spread from human contact.
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