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Hypotheses, Theories, and Laws Answers

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To be a possible answer to a scientific question, a hypothesis must be

A
testable.
B
unique.
C
written.
D
controlled.
2
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Gregor Mendel was the first scientist to use statistics to analyze scientific data. Before Mendel’s experiments, scientists believed that organisms acquired traits from their environment and passed them on to their offspring. After Mendel’s discoveries were accepted, scientists realized that traits passed to offspring were the result of genes being passed from parents to offspring. This is an example of

A
a theory changing because a new scientific method was developed.
B
a law changing because a new scientific method was developed.
C
a hypothesis changing because a new scientific method was developed.
D
an observation changing because a new scientific method was developed.
3

How should you test a hypothesis?

A
by writing a mathematical equation
B
by making a single observation
C
by performing a controlled experiment
D
by answering a series of questions
4

The statement “force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma)” is Newton’s second law of motion. Why is this a law rather than a theory?

A
It states, rather than explains, the relationship between the variables.
B
It cannot be proven, whereas a theory can be proven.
C
It may be revised if new information shows that the relationship has changed.
D
It was classified as a law because it is related to other similar discoveries.
5

The development of a new experimental method is most likely to change a theory if it makes it possible to

A
analyze samples when they are frozen.
B
perform the experiment in a different lab.
C
obtain and analyze results more quickly.
D
study a larger sample size than before.
6

How does a law differ from a theory?

A
A law is a theory that has been proven to be true and universal.
B
A theory is a group of hypotheses that prove a law is true.
C
A law is a statement of fact, but a theory is an explanation.
D
A theory is a proposed law that has not yet been peer reviewed.
7

Our current understanding of evolution is called a theory because it has been

A
supported repeatedly as new discoveries have been made.
B
proven to be exactly true as originally proposed.
C
corroborated by data that were gathered during a single experiment.
D
developed from the postulates of many scientists.
8

Conlan wants to answer the question, “Does phosphorus affect tomato fruit production?” Which statement represents a hypothesis that he can test to answer his question?

A
If phosphorus affects tomato fruit production, then tomatoes that are fertilized with phosphorus will have larger leaves.
B
If phosphorus affects tomato fruit production, then phosphorus should be added to the soil during planting.
C
If phosphorus affects tomato fruit production, then adding phosphorus to the soil will make tomatoes taste better.
D
If phosphorus affects tomato fruit production, then plants that are fertilized with phosphorus will produce more tomatoes.
9

Gregor Mendel demonstrated that traits are passed from parents to offspring independently of one another under all circumstances that he tested. All other genetics researchers have observed this as well. Based on this information, the statement can be made that “traits are passed from parents to offspring independently of one another.” Which describes the statement of fact?

A
a law
B
a hypothesis
C
a theory
D
an observation
10

What do hypotheses, theories, and laws have in common?

A
data
B
predictions
C
explanations
D
observations

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