AnswersIntroduction to Law Public Safety Corrections and SecurityThe History and Nature of Parole in the United States

The History and Nature of Parole in the United States Answers

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Match two individuals and two laws with their impact of the issue of parole.

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2
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When a judge sentences a person to “25 years to life,” it is a determinate sentence.

A
True
B
False
3

What impact did President Ronald Reagan's Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 have on parole?

A
The law continued to allow states to have parole structures
B
This new law abolished federal parole and indeterminate sentencing for federal prisons and replaced them with strict sentencing guidelines
C
This law increased penalties for using marijuana and extended laws for credit card and computer fraud
D
The law made major revisions by re-establishing the federal death penalty
4

How did Zebulon Brockway's use of indeterminate sentences ultimately result in earning the title “Father of American Parole?”

A
Brockway, like Maconochie, wrote a book on American prisons, which became a best seller, and so Brockway spent most of the rest of his career giving lectures on prison reform
B
Brockway was called the “Father of American Parole” by the prison guards in Connecticut because they predicted he would become famous by introducing indeterminate sentences
C
Brockway was like Maconochie when he introduced work-and-release system, which became popular with his supervisors, but Brockway had much opposition from his peers who did not see the value of reform
D
Brockway believed in reformation, seeing indeterminate sentences as allowing time for prisoners to lessen their prison time by good behavior and accessing education and trade training
5

Why were tasks and not time so important to Maconochie's report on penal practices?

A
Tasks and marks were not equal measures so the tasks could determine time served
B
Tasks are a contribution to society and should be a better measure than time for a prisoner to earn release
C
A fast worker can do more tasks in less time, which made the mark system confusing
D
Tasks are concrete and time is more difficult to measure
6

Why did Maconochie have such trouble getting support for his mark system?

A
Most people decided that his marks system was too complicated and hard to implement
B
Most people did not agree with his concept of task sentencing over time sentencing
C
Most people believed that cruel conditions worked best
D
Most corrections people believed that prisoners could only be reformed through harsh punishment
7

What was the reason for establishing penal colonies in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?

A
The penal colonies were established for prisoners to do masonry tasks
B
Prisoners could be closely watched and put to harsh labor on penal colonies.
C
The king set up these prisons far away so that the citizens would be out of harm's way
D
People wanted to exile criminals to remote settlements
8

What does the meaning of parole have to do with the corrections system?

A
Parole is the space between tasks that allows for revising the course
B
Parole means “spoken word,” which connects to how important a person's word was changing one's criminal behavior
C
Parole comes from the French term for repairing broken leases or agreements
D
Parole is a Scottish word for abiding by the laws of the Calvinist church
9

What made Alexander Maconochie a good judge of prison life?

A
He preached on the evils of prison life
B
He was imprisoned in Scotland for not paying taxes
C
He spent three years as a prisoner of war
D
He studied penal colonies in the Navy
10

An indeterminate sentence means there is no possibility of parole.

A
False
B
True

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