One negative effect of interest groups is that politicians today cater to the wants and needs of interest groups instead of to the needs of the public. This effect is called __________.

Hyperpluralism occurs when many interest groups exert strong influence on government, causing politicians to respond to group demands rather than the broader public interest. That matches the effect described, so the correct choice is hyperpluralism. Pluralism more generally describes competition among groups for influence; it does not specifically name this negative effect.

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