Introduction to Genetics Answers

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1
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What controls traits and inheritance?

A
gametes
B
nucleic acids
C
proteins
D
temperature
2
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Scientists often use fruit flies as a method to test hypotheses about human genes. Why are fruit flies advantageous in the study of human inheritance?

A
They can self-pollinate.
B
They lack nucleic acids.
C
They are very different from humans.
D
They reproduce quickly and take up little space.
3

A scientist wants to examine a genetic disease in humans. The scientist hypothesizes that the disease can be treated by using gene therapy. Humans take a long time to reproduce and develop, so the scientist will have to

A
give up on testing the hypothesis.
B
test the hypothesis for a very long time.
C
develop new methods to test the hypothesis.
D
find a way to make humans reproduce faster.
4

Which is the best example of a hypothesis leading to new experimental methods?

A
Gregor Mendel influenced the development of the theory that everything is made of cells.
B
Gregor Mendel continued the genetic research of Thomas Hunt Morgan, but Mendel used pea plants.
C
Thomas Hunt Morgan continued the genetic research of Gregor Mendel, but Morgan used fruit flies.
D
The theory that everything is made of cells influenced Gregor Mendel in his research.
5

Which statement describes Mendel’s hypotheses regarding gametes?

A
A gamete carries two genes for a trait.
B
A gamete carries one allele for a gene.
C
A gamete can carry multiple alleles for a trait.
D
Some gametes are dominant and some are recessive.
6

Gregor Mendel’s research formed the basis of the field of

A
genetics.
B
dominance.
C
recessiveness.
D
selective breeding.
7

During an experiment, a scientist crosses a pea plant that has purple flowers with a pea plant that has white flowers. The plants that result from this cross in the F1 generation have both purple and white flowers. What can the scientist conclude?

A
White flowers are dominant over purple flowers.
B
Neither purple flowers nor white flowers are dominant.
C
The plants in the P generation were not true-breeding.
D
All the plants in the F2 generation will have purple flowers.
8

In pea plants, tall plant height is dominant over short plant height. If there are 200 short plants in the F2 generation from a cross that followed Mendel’s methods, about how many plants will be tall in that generation?

A
200
B
300
C
600
D
1,000
9

Some people have freckles, and some people do not have freckles. If a child has freckles, at least one parent has freckles. However, the child may have a sibling that does not have freckles. Which statement best describes the presence of freckles?

A
Freckles are not determined by DNA.
B
There are two alleles for freckles.
C
There is no dominant allele for freckles.
D
Freckles are determined by two genes instead of by one.
10

Why did Gregor Mendel use peas in his experiments?

A
Peas grow very slowly.
B
Pea reproduction cannot be controlled.
C
Peas normally produce very few offspring.
D
Peas have characteristics that have two forms.

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