Introduction to Sampling Methods Answers

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Local government officials would like to know if city residents are generally satisfied with the cleanliness of local streets and recreation areas. To estimate the level of satisfaction, the officials are considering many methods to collect information. Which of the following methods would not provide a voluntary response sample?

A
The city’s webpage contains a survey where residents can share their opinions.
B
A printed survey is provided in the Sunday newspaper requesting that residents mail in their responses.
C
A random sample of homes in the city is taken, and city officials visit these homes and survey the homeowners.
D
The local officials are guests on a radio talk show, and residents call in to the show to share their opinions.
3

An economist would like to estimate the proportion of young adults who have college debt. An online survey invites young adults to share information about their level of college debt. Which of the following describes the survey design and potential bias?

A
This is voluntary response and is likely to overestimate the proportion of young adults with college debt.
B
This is voluntary response and is likely representative of the proportion of young adults with college debt.
C
This is voluntary response and is likely to underestimate the proportion of young adults with college debt.
D
This is a convenience sample and is likely to overestimate the proportion of young adults with college debt.
4

Researchers would like to assess the overall health of white pine trees in a state park. Which of the following methods for choosing the trees to assess would be considered a convenience sample?

A
A ranger hires employees to assess every tree in the park.
B
The 100 trees closest to a ranger station are assessed for damage.
C
A grid map of the park is used, and 100 random points on the grid are chosen and used to select the trees to assess.
D
Each tree in the state park is tagged with a number, and 100 random numbers that represent the trees are selected and assessed for damage.
5

An automotive website would like to estimate the percentage of drivers who own their cars, rather than lease their cars. Which of these survey methods would not provide a convenience sample to estimate the percentage who own their cars?

A
a survey of adults at an auto parts store
B
a survey of all adults attending a car show
C
a survey of people in a car dealership
D
an online survey for sharing data about their cars
7

What proportion of city residents uses public transportation at least once a week? City planners would like to estimate this proportion and collect information from workers entering a large office building in the center of the city. Which of the following best describes the potential results of this survey?

A
This is a convenience sample and is likely to overestimate the proportion of residents who take public transportation.
B
This is a convenience sample and is likely to underestimate the proportion of residents who take public transportation.
C
This is a voluntary response sample and is likely to overestimate the proportion of satisfied residents who take public transportation.
D
This is a voluntary response sample and is likely to underestimate the proportion of satisfied residents who take public transportation.
9

To estimate the mean number of text messages sent by cell-phone users, a researcher chooses a location on a college campus in the city and surveys the first 50 people who walk past. These subjects are asked how many text messages they have sent in the past 24 hours. Is it likely that bias will be present in the sample?

A
Because this is a convenience sample, it is likely that the sample results will be unbiased.
B
Because this is a convenience sample of college students, it is likely that bias is present and that the results will overestimate the mean number of text messages sent.
C
Because this is a convenience sample of college students, it is likely that bias is present and that the results will underestimate the mean number of text messages sent.
D
Because this is a voluntary response sample of college students, it is likely that bias is present and that the results will overestimate the mean number of text messages sent.
10

How far do US workers travel to get to their jobs? A researcher would like to collect information on the commute distance traveled by workers and considers many methods for collecting data. Which of the following methods represents a voluntary response sample?

A
Workers are invited to share their daily commute distance on a website.
B
Workers at a large company are each asked to share their daily commute distance.
C
The researcher stands in a public area and asks each adult to share their daily commute distance.
D
The researcher takes a random sample of adults from a large town and asks each to share their daily commute distance.

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