When the height of the cylinder increased by a factor of 5, from 100 m to 500 m, what happened to the cylinder’s gravitational potential energy?

Gravitational potential energy is given by GPE = mgh. With the cylinder’s mass and gravity unchanged, increasing its height from 100 m to 500 m multiplies its gravitational potential energy by 500 ÷ 100 = 5, so it increased by a factor of 5.

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