AnswersQ5 Biology 2014The Endocrine and Exocrine Systems

Lesson 3: The Endocrine and Exocrine Systems Answers

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Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland?

A
It is the largest gland in the body.
B
It regulates the work of many glands in the body.
C
It helps the brain master higher-level thinking processes.
D
It controls the heart, which is the master pumping organ in the body.
2
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A doctor is trying to diagnose a patient with short stature. She plots the girl’s growth in red on the growth chart below to compare it to the typical growth rates, which are shown in black.Based on the data, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Question illustration
A
gigantism
B
an underactive pituitary gland
C
an overactive pituitary gland
D
insomnia
3

Some glands affect multiple functions in the body, and other glands are more specialized. Consider these endocrine glands: adrenals, liver, pancreas, pituitary, salivary, and thyroid. The table categorizes these glands according to the functions they regulate. (Functions are listed in the top row.) Which labels should replace the numbers to correctly complete the table?1Digestion3GrowthAdrenalsPancreasPituitary4PituitarySalivaryAdrenals Pancreas2

A
Number 1 is Behavior, 2 is Pituitary, 3 is Metabolism, and 4 is Thyroid.
B
Number 1 is Behavior, 2 is Thyroid, 3 is Metabolism, and 4 is Pancreas.
C
Number 1 is Metabolism, 2 is Adrenals, 3 is Behavior, and 4 is Liver.
D
Number 1 is Metabolism, 2 is Liver, 3 is Behavior, and 4 is Pituitary.
4

A doctor is diagnosing a patient with gigantism. Which of the following sources would be the least helpful in making that diagnosis?

A
growth chart
B
medical book
C
patient’s family history
D
patient’s report cards
5

What would be a symptom of an under-producing lacrimal gland?

A
excess tears
B
dry eyes
C
excess saliva
D
dry mouth
6

Which symptom would a person whose parathyroid is not functioning properly have?

A
mood swings
B
a lump in the throat area
C
bones that break easily
D
excess release of sweat
7

The hypothalamus controls excretions from the pituitary gland. It causes the release of some hormones from the pituitary by direct nervous control, and others by secreting releasing and inhibiting factors that stimulate the pituitary to secrete hormones. Which best describes the hypothalamus?

A
It is a connection point between the nervous and endocrine systems.
B
It is both an exocrine and endocrine gland.
C
It is referred to as the “master gland.”
D
It secretes its contents into ducts.
8

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

A
the state of maintaining a stable internal environment despite changing external conditions
B
the state of maintaining a stable internal environment due to electrical impulses
C
the state of maintaining a stable internal environment due to chemical signals
D
the state of maintaining a stable internal environment when the external conditions are constant
9

Which structure can secrete a substance into the environment surrounding the body?

A
lacrimal gland
B
adrenal gland
C
pancreas
D
pituitary gland
10

Which statement best describes hormones?

A
Hormones are only made of peptides.
B
Hormones travel attached to white blood cells.
C
Hormones travel through the bloodstream.
D
Hormones are secreted through ducts.

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