Answers2001310 Earth Science Sem 1 - PearsonThe Expanding Universe

Lesson 6.4 The Expanding Universe Answers

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There is a theory that gravity could pull galaxies back together, causing a reverse big bang.Which observation makes this theory less likely than the idea that the universe may continue to expand?

A
Background radiation is present.
B
Galaxies exist outside of the Milky Way.
C
The expansion of the universe is accelerating.
D
Gas giants form farther from the Sun, where temperatures are cooler.
2
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What happens in the process of gravitational condensation?

A
An object decreases in size due to the collision of materials.
B
An object increases in size due to the addition of materials.
C
Gas particles are formed from solar nebula materials.
D
Solid particles are formed from solar nebula materials.
3

What is the correct order of processes in the accretion of planetesimals?

A
Masses of matter form around dust grain, masses of matter collide, and atoms and molecules are added to dust grain.
B
Masses of matter collide, masses of matter form around dust grain, and atoms and molecules are added to dust grain.
C
Atoms and molecules are added to dust grain, masses of matter form around dust grain, and masses of matter collide.
D
Masses of matter collide, atoms and molecules are added to dust grain, and masses of matter form around dust grain.
4

Which planet formed near the Sun where the solar system’s temperatures were very high?

A
Jupiter
B
Mars
C
Neptune
D
Saturn
5

Which statement accurately describes the outer planets?

A
Pluto is one of the outer planets.
B
The outer planets are also called rocky planets.
C
The outer planets have thin atmospheres.
D
The outer planets have a high gravity due to their large size.
6

Which is currently the most supported theory about the future of the universe?

A
The universe could remain exactly as it is today.
B
The universe may continue to expand.
C
Stars could burn out, causing the universe to become dark and cold.
D
Gravity could pull galaxies back together, causing a reverse of the big bang.
7

Which is one piece of information that astronomers use to calculate the age of the universe?

A
dark energy
B
the age of rocks on Earth
C
the current motion of inner planets
D
patterns of background radiation
8

Which discovery by astronomer Vera Rubin helped prove the existence of dark matter?

A
Galaxies exist outside of the Milky Way.
B
The expansion of the universe is accelerating.
C
Galaxies spin faster than they should, based on their visible matter.
D
Gas giants form farther from the Sun, where temperatures are cooler.
9

Which statement accurately describes dark matter?

A
It is the same as dark energy.
B
It is well understood by scientists.
C
It does not emit electromagnetic radiation.
D
It can be observed by shifts in red and blue light.
10

Which correctly lists the two elements that make up the empty space in the universe?

A
ice and debris
B
debris and dark matter
C
dark matter and dark energy
D
dark energy and dust
11

In 1998, scientists discovered that the expansion of the universe has been accelerating.What force is causing this phenomena?

A
dark energy
B
Hubble’s law
C
the Doppler effect
D
background radiation
12

In which order did the events forming our solar system occur?

A
The solar nebula became hot and dense pulling in more gas.This flattened into a rotating disk. It spun faster and faster, forming the Sun.
B
Gas was pulled toward the center, forming the Sun. Gas flattened into a rotating disk and became hot and dense, forming a solar nebula that spun faster and faster.
C
Gas flattened into a rotating disk and became hot and dense, forming a solar nebula that spun faster and faster. Gas was pulled toward the center, forming the Sun.
D
The solar nebula spun faster and faster and flattened into a rotating disk. Most of the gas was pulled toward the center, where it became hot and dense, forming the Sun.
13

About how long ago did our solar system start to form?

A
About 5 million years ago
B
About 14 million years ago
C
About 5 billion years ago
D
About 14 billion years ago
14

Which is one of Edwin Hubble’s findings that supports the big bang theory?

A
The universe started at a central point.
B
Planetesimals formed in debris disks.
C
Visible matter only makes up about 5% of the universe.
D
The Milky Way is the only galaxy in the universe.
15

Which statement accurately describes how the understanding of the Doppler effect is applied to the study of galaxies?

A
It helped Hubble measure the velocities of galaxies using shifts in light.
B
It was used to monitor galaxy motion through changes in sound waves.
C
It indicates a galaxy moving toward Earth through red shift.
D
It indicates a galaxy moving away from Earth through blue shift.
16

Which two objects in space formed from the huge disk of ice and debris beyond the outer planets?

A
Pluto and comets
B
comets and Neptune
C
Neptune and a solar nebula
D
a solar nebula and planetesimals
17

Which statement accurately describes the inner planets?

A
Uranus is one of the inner planets.
B
The inner planets formed when the solar system cooled.
C
The inner planets are also called terrestrial planets.
D
The inner planets are larger than the outer planets.
18

Which evidence supports the big bang theory?

A
Planetesimals form in debris disks.
B
Most galaxies are moving toward us.
C
Uniform background radiation is detected in every direction.
D
Galaxies spin faster than they should based on visible matter.
19

Which event led to the formation of our solar system?

A
A galaxy broke apart.
B
A massive star exploded.
C
A solar nebula collapsed.
D
Dark matter materialized.

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Lesson 6.4 The Expanding Universe Answers…