Answers TX-Integrated Physics and Chemistry A-CRUnit Test

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This is how fluorine appears in the periodic table.

the atomic number

the atomic mass

the mass of neutrons

the number of neutrons

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The element phosphorus is located to the right of the element magnesium along the same period in the periodic table.Which best describes the relationship of the elements?

Magnesium has a larger atomic number.

Phosphorus has a larger atomic mass.

Magnesium is in the same category as phosphorus.

Phosphorus has similar chemical properties as magnesium.

While looking at calcium (Ca) on the periodic table, a student needs to find an element with a greater atomic mass in the same period. Where should the student look?

directly up

directly down

directly to the left

directly to the right

Based on the information in the table, which elements are most likely in the same periods of the periodic table?

Boron and carbon are likely together in one period because they have very close atomic masses, while gallium and germanium are likely together in another period because they have very close atomic masses.

Aluminum, boron, and carbon are likely together in one period because they were first isolated in the first half of the 1800s, while gallium and germanium are likely together in another period because they were first isolated in the second half.

Boron and carbon are likely together in one period because they each end in “-on,” while aluminum, gallium, and germanium are likely together in another period because they each end in “-ium.”

Aluminum, boron, and gallium are likely together in one group because they have the same number of valence electrons, and carbon and germanium are likely together in another group because they have the same number of valence electrons.

This is how zirconium appears in the periodic table.

131

Part of one row of the periodic table is shown.

tin (Sn)

antimony (Sb)

tellurium (Te)

iodine (I)

While developing his periodic table, Dmitri Mendeleev broke his own rule and placed the element tellurium before iodine in the group. He did this even though tellurium's atomic mass was known to be greater than iodine's. In his notes, Mendeleev stated that he expected tellurium to have a lower atomic mass than iodine. However, all measurements continue to show that tellurium has a greater atomic mass than iodine even though tellurium acts like it has a lower atomic mass.

Mendeleev observed that tellurium has chemical properties like other elements in its group, and he did not know that neutrons cause the greater atomic mass.

Iodine isotopes usually have more neutrons than tellurium isotopes, but only the protons affect the properties that Mendeleev could have observed.

Mendeleev observed that tellurium and iodine both had very similar chemical properties, but he did not know that iodine atoms have more electrons.

Iodine atoms always have more protons than tellurium atoms, but Mendeleev only weighed elements without observing any other properties.

Elements in group 2 are all called alkaline earth metals. What is most similar about the alkaline earth metals?

how many protons and neutrons they have

which chemical properties they have

how many total electrons they have

which period they are most often found in

This is how osmium appears in the periodic table.

114

190

266

Which two chemists organized elements based on properties such as how the elements react or whether they are solid or liquid?

Lavoisier and Mendeleev

Döbereiner and Newlands

Newlands and Mendeleev

Lavoisier and Döbereiner

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