Midterm Answers

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1
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Given that tracking can impact students’ perception of their abilities, what is the likely consequence of a bright low-income student being placed in a college track?

A
That student would believe that they were smart, and college was attainable.
B
That student would not do well because they would not be with their friends.
C
That student would do well but not as well as if private school were an option.
D
That student would do well only if it were it a school with mainly low-income students.
2
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Someone is considered functionally literate if they can read and write at a sixth-grade level. Why is this the minimum standard?

A
Once people can read at this level, they can figure out the rest.
B
Sixth grade is the highest level of education in some countries.
C
This is really all of the literacy you need to succeed in society.
D
People can get by with this level but will have limited opportunities.
3

Hector goes to school in a rough part of town. He is a good student, and so are his friends. They do everything they can to avoid trouble. They know the neighborhood and when it is safe to go out. They also understand that sometimes they just should not be on the streets. How is living in this area likely to impact their education?

A
Living in this area is not likely to impact their education since they are inherently good students.
B
They are less likely to get robbed on the way to school that those in higher income neighborhoods.
C
They are more likely to miss school than students who do not live in violent neighborhoods.
D
Schools generally do not reflect the culture of the neighborhood, so they will likely become violent.
4

Socioeconomic status plays a significant role in determining which students graduate high school, as students from lower classes are less likely to graduate. What does this suggest about the role of socioeconomic status?

A
Students need to be aware of their socioeconomic status when starting school.
B
There is little that can be done to help students with socioeconomic disadvantages.
C
Minorities from affluent areas have higher graduation rates than poorer minorities.
D
A student’s race is the most important factor in determining high school graduation.
5

Why does it benefit society to examine historical mistakes or injustices?

A
It helps create a path toward a more equal future.
B
It does not benefit society—many find revisiting errors objectionable.
C
It requires a lot of tolerance to view the past fairly.
D
It allows for those who made these decisions to be publicly vilified.
6

Students who drop out of school often complain that they do not get good grades, find school boring, or do not feel supported by teachers. How would someone who took a system-based approach to social problems respond to this information?

A
They would attribute this to individual students having a negative attitude toward school.
B
They would claim that the nature of education leaves these students at a distinct disadvantage.
C
They would focus on the role of educators and what they need to make these students successful.
D
They would demand that education be reformed to meet these student’s needs, even if others then suffer.
7

Pedro has been a science teacher for over 40 years. While he very much enjoys his students, he is really concerned about the amount of cheating he sees as it seems to have escalated in the past decade. What larger trend in education is Pedro noticing?

A
Widespread internet access has made it much easier for students to cheat.
B
American education has largely given up on addressing cheating in schools.
C
Other countries do a better job instilling appropriate values in their students.
D
Standards for education have increased, making passing classes more difficult.
8

Karina has never liked school. Writing and math never came easily to her, and she has to work really hard just to get passing grades. She loves to hang out at her father’s body shop and help him work on cars. She knows that she wants to follow him in the family business Since she will never use a lot of what she is learning, she wants to drop out. What is the BEST way to encourage Karina to stay in school?

A
Provide a tutor so that she can see how satisfying high school can be.
B
Get her into a vocational program that will teach the skills she needs.
C
Require her to attend school every day and punish her if she does not.
D
Remind her that she may change her mind and want to go to college one day.
9

There are an estimated 1 billion illiterate people in the world. What is the social cost of this level of illiteracy?

A
The social cost will depend on how much it takes to live in any the given country.
B
There is little social cost since people who are illiterate do not live in the United States.
C
People who are illiterate will have many job opportunities and be able to depend on the government.
D
The social cost of illiteracy is that many parts of the world are underperforming due to lack of education.
10

Many countries provide some form of government-funded school system, showing that these societies value education. Does this mean that countries without this kind of education system see no value in education?

A
Correct. They likely do not realize that education is very important.
B
Not necessarily. Some countries struggle to provide basic services.
C
Correct. Education is a human right, so these countries clearly don’t value human rights.
D
Yes. If these countries thought education was important, they would absolutely have it.
11

Sheena had a very hard year when she was in fifth grade. She had been doing fine in school, but then her grandfather (who took care of her after school) died and her mother lost her job. Eventually things got better, but her grades were not great, and she was not placed in the college track in middle school. Consequently, she could not take advanced classes in high school. How might this have a life-long impact on Sheena?

A
Sheena will miss the opportunity to have friends with shared interests in high school.
B
Sheena may have limited options after high school, impacting her earning potential.
C
Sheena was placed appropriately at the end of fifth grade, so there will be no impact.
D
Sheena will most likely be bored and drop out of school since she is on the wrong track.
12

Which is the MOST likely explanation for why smaller schools or those with smaller classes tend to have better outcomes than schools with more students in their classes?

A
All schools in high income areas have very small classes.
B
Smaller classes do not allow for tracking, which has mixed results.
C
Smaller classes mean teachers can better meet their students’ needs.
D
There is little evidence to suggest that class size impacts educational outcomes.
13

Why did Samuel Bowles feel that education reform was limited?

A
Schools are set up to perpetuate inequality, not resolve it.
B
Schools can only do so much to address larger social problems.
C
Schools can only succeed in achieving basic educational goals.
D
School reform is generally only designed to address the needs of achievers.
14

Bussing often means that minority students have to travel well outside their neighborhoods to go to school. This travel can also be time consuming. What disadvantage of desegregation does this illustrate?

A
Desegregation was important in earlier eras but is less necessary today.
B
Exposure to students from other cultures has negative effects.
C
Bussed students have significantly less time for homework and activities.
D
There shouldn’t be much of an impact as minority students have free time on the bus.
15

What is the BEST argument for grouping students by ability?

A
This is how schools have always been organized, and it works well enough.
B
This helps make up for the fact that many schools have not really been desegregated.
C
The pace of the classroom can be set to match the students, benefiting all students.
D
Those with higher socioeconomic status are more likely to be placed in higher groups.
17

Why doesn’t expelling students who are prone to violence really “solve” the issue of violence?

A
It is an effective person-blame approach.
B
It keeps schools safer, so it meets its goal.
C
It puts potentially violent people into society.
D
There is no way to keep all people from becoming violent.
19

Students with an “A” grade point average tend to have lower SAT scores than students with the same average decades ago. What does this information indicate about the value of an “A” average today?

A
The SAT has definitely gotten harder, and students are not keeping up.
B
The SAT is no longer an effective way to assess student achievements.
C
Most of the “A” students are probably cheating to get their good grades.
D
“A” students do not have the same academic ability as those in previous generations.
20

An important part of examining issues in education is understanding who goes to which school and why. If a Mississippi school has a 95 percent non-white student body, which of these statements is likely TRUE?

A
The school is using bussing to get the 5 percent white population.
B
The school is failing to comply with Brown v. Board of Education.
C
The school is in an area where minorities are the majority of the population.
D
Students who go to that school are definitely poorer than those at other schools.

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