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23
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Under Akbar, the Mughal Empire supported

A
Hindus and Sikhs.
B
Muslims and Christians.
C
Muslims and Buddhists.
D
Hindus and Christians.
24
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Which best describes the Bantu’s overall pattern of migration across Africa?

A
agriculturally motivated
B
slow movement
C
rapid expansion
D
organized movement
25

Byzantine influence can be seen in Russian literature because

A
educated Russians read all the Greek classics.
B
Russians following the Eastern Orthodox religion read only religious texts.
C
the Russians allowed only literature from the Byzantine Empire into the country.
D
the Russians translated Greek and religious texts into Russian.
26

What forced Europeans to look for other routes east?

A
Europeans lost interest in Eastern products.
B
Europeans were conquered by Ottoman Turks.
C
Land routes were closed off by Ottoman Turks.
D
Land routes no longer led to needed goods.
27

What impact did the marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry II have on England?

A
It weakened England because Eleanor insisted that the king of France rule over England as well.
B
It strengthened England because Eleanor joined her lands in France with those of England’s.
C
It weakened England because Eleanor forced England to give up all its lands in France.
D
It strengthened England because Eleanor introduced the feudal system to England.
28

What lasting effect did the Ten Commandments have?

A
Established Abraham as Judaism’s greatest prophet
B
Influenced other polytheistic religions
C
Influenced moral and legal codes of later cultures and time periods
D
Established Jerusalem as the capital of Israel
29

What was the primary impact Confucius had on the Chinese people?

A
He renewed the culture’s traditional virtues.
B
He expanded the culture’s writing system.
C
He developed the culture’s legal system.
D
He restored the culture’s economy.
30

Which best describes the role of Constantinople in the Byzantine Empire?

A
Constantinople was a secondary trading center.
B
Constantinople was a Greek trading center.
C
Constantinople was a Roman trading center.
D
Constantinople was a main trading center.
31

In the 1500s, the Council of Trent was led by a group of

A
Lutheran ministers who wanted to spread their ideas.
B
German princes who wanted to end a peasants’ rebellion.
C
Calvinists who wanted to make laws that followed their beliefs.
D
Catholic cardinals who wanted to reform the Church.
32

Read the quotation written by Martin Luther in 1517. Those who believe that they can be certain of their salvation because they have indulgence letters will be eternally damned, together with their teachers. This quotation was part of which document?

A
the Book of Common Prayer
B
the Ninety-Five Theses
C
the Institute of the Christian Religion
D
the Edict of Worms
33

Christians were originally part of the Jewish faith. In this context, how was Jesus viewed by his followers?

A
as a revolutionary
B
as the Messiah
C
as a god
D
as the emperor
34

One of Galileo’s contributions to science was

A
creating the coordinate plane system.
B
developing the scientific method.
C
inventing the astrolabe.
D
improving the telescope.
35

How was breaking a canon law different from breaking a governmental law during the Middle Ages?

A
The Church could authorize severe punishment if necessary.
B
The Church had its own court system, which decided on appropriate punishment.
C
The Church had the power to banish a person from the religious community if it so desired.
D
The Church could leverage their political influence in every country.
36

Which three major factors contributed to the Roman Empire’s decline?

A
political stability, military peace, economic growth
B
political instability, military conflict, economic crisis
C
political dictatorship, military genocide, severe drought
D
political insurrections, military rebellions, famine
37

How did skilled artisans contribute to the successes of the Ming dynasty?

A
The artisans produced silk and porcelain goods that demanded high prices, thus increasing China’s trade and wealth.
B
The artisans produced beautiful items, which decorated the emperor’s palace and the Forbidden City.
C
The artisans fulfilled the ideals of Confucianism, which encouraged employment.
D
The artisans provided jobs to the Chinese peasants who could no longer work in agriculture because of the famine.
38

Which best explains why Britain restricted trade with the colonies?

A
to inhibit the distribution of colonial goods—and colonial income
B
to ensure that trade generated taxes for the Crown
C
to restrict access to Britain’s goods as punishment
D
to make sure that Britain received the colonies’ best exports
39

An important philosophical idea during the Enlightenment was that

A
the Catholic Church should exercise absolute rule over Europe.
B
the wealthy should give all of their money to the working poor.
C
ordinary people should be able to pursue greater opportunities.
D
monarchs should be granted a “divine right” to rule over their people.
40

Which is the best illustration of a figurehead?

A
a ruler who allows his affiliates to offer advice and guidance
B
a ruler whose associates make all the decisions for him
C
a ruler whom everyone looks up to for his wisdom
D
a ruler who is showy and trendsetting
41

Which statement best describes the Sumerian city-states?

A
Each was located on the Tigris River.
B
Each had its own government.
C
Each was located in the mountains.
D
Each had a written code of laws.
42

Alexander III of Macedonia was a student of

A
Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician.
B
Pericles, an ancient Greek ruler.
C
Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher.
D
Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian.

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