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What likely caused these different results?

A
The scientist who found low biodiversity studied the ecosystem on cold days.
B
The scientist who found high biodiversity observed fewer niches.
C
The scientist who found high biodiversity observed more plants than animals.
D
The scientist who found low biodiversity studied too small of an area.
5

What is shown in the image?

A
trophic chain
B
food web
C
energy web
D
food chain
6

According to the pie chart, which cause results in the most extinctions?

A
hunting and poaching
B
other
C
introduced species
D
habitat loss
8

What might happen to the organisms in the food web if the number of phytoplankton and vegetation drastically decreased?

A
The small fish and wading birds would be affected.
B
The small fish, bivalves, and invertebrates would be affected.
C
The entire food web would be affected.
D
Only the small fish would be affected.
9

Which relationship is shown in the graph?

A
biotic-abiotic relationship
B
predator-prey relationship
C
competitive exclusion relationship
D
habitat-niche relationship
10

Which organism is a primary consumer in the food web?

A
osprey
B
vegetation
C
herbivorous duck
D
bald eagle
11

Which headings best complete the chart?

A
X: Habitat Preservation Y: Captive Breeding
B
X: Laws Y: Captive Breeding
C
X: Captive Breeding Y: Laws
D
X: Laws Y: Habitat Preservation
12

In what ways have members of the gray whale species been affected by efforts to protect biodiversity? Choose two correct answers.

A
They are still being hunted, and their numbers are declining.
B
They are an example of protecting biodiversity through the passage of laws.
C
Their numbers have increased because of the Endangered Species Act.
D
Their numbers have increased mostly due to captive breeding.
E
They are currently endangered and almost extinct.
13

The construction of wind farms has affected the migratory patterns of some bird populations. Bird populations have been noted to no longer increase and sometimes even decrease in these areas. What is this known as?

A
a population-dependent limiting factor
B
a density-dependent limiting factor
C
a population-independent factor
D
a density-independent limiting factor
14

The coyote's diet includes a wide variety of small mammals, livestock, birds, reptiles, carrion, fruit, and vegetables. It is one of the few animals that has enlarged its range since human encroachment began. Which is the most likely reason for this?

A
It has an increase in nest and shelter sites within the urban and rural range.
B
It has adapted its diet to include more variety, thereby increasing its food supply.
C
It has intermingled with human pets, such as the dog, to increase its population.
D
It has migrated to ranges with more favorable, moderate climates.
16

Which is the best way to describe the biodiversity of an area?

A
A pond has 12 species of organisms, including 300 animals and 40 plants.
B
A grassland has organisms that live on hundreds of acres of land.
C
A desert has 10 species of animals that can survive dry conditions.
D
A rainforest has fertile soil that supports many kinds of plants.

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