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Which best describes a major effect of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle ?

A
It exposed the scandal of railroad business practices.
B
It created a controversy that led the Supreme Court to break up a monopoly.
C
It prompted government reform on a state and city level.
D
It created a controversy that influenced President Roosevelt to take action.
22
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Most of the settlers who followed Stephen Austin into Texas hoped that

A
Texas would become an independent nation.
B
Texas would immediately join the United States.
C
Texas would become a self-governing Mexican state.
D
Texas would be governed by Spain.
23

How did Carnegie's purchase of Allegheny Steel help him form a monopoly?

A
The purchase gave Carnegie access to raw materials.
B
The purchase helped Carnegie produce steel more efficiently.
C
The purchase helped Carnegie control most of the rail lines.
D
The purchase gave Carnegie control of coke production.
24

Read the quotation. "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that men and women are created equal." Which best describes the origins of this quotation as it relates to women's equality?

A
It is from the Seneca Falls Convention, using language from the Declaration of Independence.
B
It is from the US Constitution, written during the Second Continental Convention by Abigail Adams.
C
It is from the Declaration of Independence, written by the founders of the United States.
D
It is from the National Woman Suffrage Association's charter, written by Susan B. Anthony.
25

As a result of General Sheridan's use of the total war strategy during the Shenandoah Valley campaign, the South

A
surrendered and brought an end to the war.
B
retaliated by marching to the sea.
C
could not provide supplies for its army.
D
vowed to destroy civilian resources in the North.
26

The Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775 helped to show

A
Americans had better supplies than the British forces.
B
how the Americans would fight against the British.
C
the American forces were certain to win the war.
D
who the American leader was.
27

Who was Dred Scott?

A
a enslaver who was sued by an enslaved worker
B
an abolitionist who escaped enslavement as a boy
C
an enslaved person who sued for his freedom
D
an abolitionist who attacked proslavery settlers
28

What helped immigrants in the 1800s and early 1900s retain their cultures?

A
adopting American traditions
B
living in enclaves
C
fleeing religious persecution
D
avoiding discrimination
29

In the 1844 election, the phrase "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!" referred to

A
the threat of war with Indigenous people.
B
the number of representatives in Congress.
C
the growing US economy in the West.
D
the desired boundary line in the North.
30

During the 1800s, an important pull factor for immigrants to the US was

A
freedom of speech.
B
agricultural jobs.
C
religion persecution.
D
industrial jobs.
31

The terms of the Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to

A
become part of the Mexican Cession.
B
enter the Union as a free state.
C
become part of Indian Territory.
D
enter the Union as a slave state.
32

In the 1850s, the term "Bleeding Kansas" referred to

A
battles during the Mexican-American War.
B
violence related to the slavery issue.
C
Preston Brooks's attack on Charles Sumner.
D
fierce attacks by American Indians.
33

How did the US coastline provide an advantage for the South during the Civil War?

A
It allowed Southern factories to ship goods to Europe.
B
It allowed a quick escape from most cities in the South.
C
It allowed the South easy access to inland cities in the North.
D
It was long, which was difficult for the Union to blockade.
34

Between 1845 and 1850, many people emigrated from Ireland to the United States. What prompted them to leave their home country?

A
A viral epidemic was killing many Irish people.
B
Ireland was becoming severely overpopulated.
C
A crop failure had led to a famine in Ireland.
D
Ireland was engaged in a fierce war with Britain.
35

What was the main goal of President Lincoln's Reconstruction plan?

A
to harshly punish former Confederate military leaders
B
to help the nation heal and move past the war quickly
C
to limit the influence of the Southern states in Congress
D
to slowly readmit the Confederate states to the Union
36

What was Jacob Riis's goal in the late 1800s?

A
to make Americans aware of problems in cities
B
to start settlement houses for the less fortunate
C
to expose corruption in city governments
D
to preach a gospel of social justice for the less fortunate
37

Why did Southern and Northern delegates disagree over whether the new Congress should have the commerce power?

A
Southerners feared it would lead to the end of slavery.
B
Southerners feared it would lead to slavery in the North.
C
Northerners feared it would lead to the end of slavery.
D
Northerners feared it would lead to the expansion of slavery.
38

Emancipation meant that Southern landowners

A
lost their jobs to formerly enslaved people.
B
could no longer hire formerly enslaved people.
C
could no longer rely on labor by enslaved people.
D
headed north to work in new industries.
39

Booker T. Washington believed that the best strategy to end racial segregation was for African Americans to

A
demand that it be gradually made illegal.
B
demand that it be made illegal immediately.
C
ignore it whenever it was encountered.
D
adapt to it as they worked to gain equality.
40

Which best describes why French and US diplomats were unable to improve relations between the two countries in 1797?

A
US diplomats were shocked by the French Revolution.
B
French diplomats refused to stop seizing US ships.
C
French diplomats demanded large bribes and loans.
D
US diplomats threatened to sign a treaty with Britain.

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