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What fueled the consumerism of the 1920s?

A
Americans buying nonessential goods on credit
B
Americans buying only essential goods on credit
C
Americans buying nonessential goods with cash
D
Americans buying essential goods with cash
22
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Which best indicates that Americans supported Franklin Roosevelt’s proposed economic and business policies in 1932?

A
his landslide victory in the presidential election
B
his election as governor of New York
C
public support of his recovery from polio
D
the song “Happy Days Are Here Again”
23

During 1915 and 1917, U-boats attacked not only enemy ships but also

A
troops stationed close to shore.
B
cities near the shoreline.
C
commercial supply ships.
D
German submarines.
25

As a result of economic growth during the 1950s, the percentage of Americans who were in the middle class

A
decreased slightly.
B
increased greatly.
C
increased slightly.
D
decreased greatly.
26

How did the “island-hopping” strategy save American lives in World War II?

A
US forces only attacked Japanese-held islands with strategic importance.
B
Allied forces attacked different islands, sharing the losses equally.
C
US forces attacked Japanese-held islands with weak defenses.
D
Allied forces attacked Japanese-held island by sea and air only.
27

In the early 1900s, what did it mean for cities to be “dry”?

A
Cities allowed consumption of alcohol as long as it was taxed.
B
Cities had severe water shortages and restricted water usage.
C
Cities restricted the sale and consumption of alcohol.
D
Cities imposed extremely high taxes on water usage.
28

Which statement best describes economic conditions in Europe immediately after World War II?

A
The economies of Western European nations were weak, while those of Eastern European nations were strong.
B
The economies of most European nations were in very poor shape.
C
The economies of Western European nations were strong, while those of Eastern European nations were weak.
D
The economies of most European nations were in excellent shape.
29

In the Teapot Dome Scandal, Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall leased

A
oil-producing land to friends and took money and gifts from them.
B
farmland to friends and took money and gifts from them.
C
ranch land to businesses and took money and gifts from them.
D
factories to manufacturers and took money and gifts from them.
30

What was the main reason Allied troops were horrified when they discovered Nazi concentration camps?

A
They had not expected to find thousands of dead or dying prisoners.
B
They had not realized how poorly supplied German troops were.
C
They had not expected to find the camps evacuated and standing empty.
D
They had not realized how many prisoners the Germans were holding.
31

The 1935 Nuremberg Laws impacted Jewish people in Germany by

A
prohibiting Jewish people from forming Jewish-only schools.
B
permitting Jewish doctors to treating Jewish people.
C
permitting Jewish people to holding government jobs.
D
prohibiting Jewish people from marrying non-Jewish Germans.
32

How did German people feel about their nation after World War I?

A
They were unhappy that Germany lent money to the United States.
B
They were relieved that the German economy had improved.
C
They were angry at German leaders for losing the war to the Allies.
D
They were pleased about Germany’s new position of power.
33

During World War II, American factories

A
produced materials only for people on the home front.
B
supported the war effort by producing planes, ships, and armaments.
C
closed down because their workers had enlisted as soldiers.
D
controlled the Atlantic so they could supply war materials to the Allies.
34

Read the introduction to an argumentative essay. In the United States, Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps during World War II. The decision to do so was unconstitutional, and the practice had lasting consequences for the internees. A writer could improve this introduction by

A
adopting a conversational voice.
B
using a lighter tone.
C
adding a hook.
D
stating the writer’s claim.
35

The 1935 Social Security Act paid retirees a stipend based on

A
the amount of time dedicated to one job.
B
the amount contributed to the fund while working.
C
the size of their economic needs.
D
the size of their bank accounts.
36

Which late 1940s event prompted the United States to take steps to protect itself from Soviet espionage?

A
the fall of China to communism
B
the rise of the Soviet Union’s military
C
the conviction of Alger Hiss
D
the detonation of a bomb on Russian soil
37

Conservative Alf Landon, who ran against Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1936 presidential election, opposed

A
limiting the president’s power.
B
New Deal labor and business policies.
C
government involvement in social issues.
D
cutting back on New Deal programs.
38

Hitler’s earliest involvement with the Nazi Party resulted in

A
his wife’s suicide.
B
a year spent in prison.
C
the beginning of the Holocaust.
D
his election as German chancellor.
39

Why did General Douglas MacArthur go to Australia in 1942?

A
to take command of all US army forces in the Far East
B
to gather reinforcements and return to the Philippines
C
to avoid capture by the Japanese in the Philippines
D
to plan war strategies with General Eisenhower
40

Which country worked with the US after World War II to build rockets for the US space program?

A
Italy
B
Germany
C
Japan
D
the Soviet Union
41

Adam Smith believed the government’s role in laissez-faire capitalism was

A
to set prices and wages.
B
to control the economy.
C
to distribute wealth equally.
D
to leave the economy alone.

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