AnswersWorld HistoryNationalism and Industrialism

Nationalism and Industrialism — Test Answers

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1
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Which statement best summarizes what the doctor is saying about child factory workers?

A
Their injuries are quite minor.
B
They need to learn safety rules.
C
They are doing dangerous work.
D
Their injuries are untreatable.
2
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What does the map indicate about the effect of nationalism in Austria-Hungary?

A
The many ethnic groups in Austria-Hungary could band together to create a single, powerful nation-state.
B
Austria-Hungary was big enough to stop ethnic groups from forming nation-states.
C
Austria-Hungary would no longer exist if every ethnic group got its own independent territory.
D
Nationalism was unlikely to appeal to the very small ethnic groups in Austria-Hungary.
3

What is the most likely reason Griscom connected crime to poor living conditions?

A
Being a member of the laboring classes made people more prone to criminal behavior.
B
Living in unsanitary conditions often made people lose their sense of right and wrong.
C
Unhealthy people who could not earn a living were more likely to commit crimes.
D
People who were likely to die young did not worry about the consequences of criminal acts.
4

Nationalism encouraged people with a shared identity to

A
declare war on all those who did not share their beliefs.
B
separate themselves from those who were unlike them.
C
be open to other people’s traditions, ideas, and beliefs.
D
convince other people to share their common bonds.
7

How did Francis Cabot Lowell begin to transform the role of women in the United States?

A
He raised women’s pay in the textile industry.
B
He refused to allow women to work under dangerous conditions.
C
He offered women a chance to earn a living.
D
He improved women’s work conditions by shortening their hours.
10

Which is not an example of a common bond found in a nation-state?

A
important historical events
B
loyalty to a specific leader
C
territory belonging to a group
D
shared holidays and traditions
11

In a nation-state, what role does shared religion play?

A
Few leaders care about religion.
B
Most leaders outlaw religion.
C
Few people share the same religion.
D
Most people share the same religion.
12

What was the main reason for poor living conditions in cities?

A
New workers could not adapt to living in city buildings.
B
Cities were not prepared for so many new workers.
C
New workers did not clean up after themselves.
D
Cities didn’t care about the welfare of new workers.
13

What is the most likely reason the Agricultural Revolution caused a population increase?

A
Many people moved to cities in search of jobs.
B
Tenant farmers were able to settle down and have families.
C
Wealthy landowners could afford to have many children.
D
More and better food allowed people to be healthy and well fed.
14

This excerpt is from The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith. “It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.” Which statement best explains Smith’s point?

A
Businesses give away their products but want money for the services they provide.
B
Businesses acting in their own interests expect something in return for their services.
C
Businesses such as butchers, brewers, and bakers are kind hearted and help feed people dinner.
D
Businesses acting in their own interests give away goods in hopes that consumers will return.
15

As the 1800s progressed, demands for labor reform increased mainly because

A
firings were without cause.
B
hiring practices were not standardized and were unfair.
C
working conditions were horrible.
D
wages were not based on workers’ experience.
16

What is industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie most known for?

A
mechanizing every stage of textile production
B
contributions in steel manufacturing
C
founding one of the world’s first modern research laboratories
D
patenting more than one thousand inventions
17

What did factory owners do to prevent unions from forming?

A
They had union leaders arrested for no cause.
B
They only hired workers who promised they would not join a union.
C
They paid off union leaders so they would stay away.
D
They used force to end union activities.
18

The three main ideas behind capitalism as defined by Adam Smith are

A
competition, free markets, and trade limits.
B
laissez-faire, regulation, and self interest.
C
free markets, laissez-faire, and fair taxes.
D
competition, self interest, and laissez-faire.
19

The term slum means

A
a noisy, busy city filled with many residents.
B
a crowded area with run-down housing and high poverty.
C
an industrial neighborhood containing many factories.
D
a busy neighborhood with apartment buildings.
20

Adam Smith believed that fair prices for goods are determined in a capitalist system

A
through competition between consumers.
B
by setting limits on imports and exports.
C
by government regulation of businesses.
D
through competition between businesses.
21

In order to stop the spread of industrial technology, Britain

A
forbade mechanics, engineers, and others from leaving the country.
B
searched for spies in all industrial and manufacturing companies.
C
closed companies suspected of sharing secrets.
D
penalized companies harshly for any hint of a leak.
23

What two principles form the basis for capitalism?

A
private ownership and equal wealth
B
free markets and shared property
C
free markets and government oversight
D
private ownership and free markets
24

What were the two main reasons workers formed unions?

A
for a social group and to strike if they didn’t get what they wanted
B
for a social group and to protect themselves from poor work conditions
C
as a form of social protest and to protect themselves from poor work conditions
D
as a form of social protest and to strike if they didn’t get what they wanted
25

What development most likely explains the information in this chart?

A
People moved to Manchester from London.
B
People moved to Manchester from rural areas.
C
People moved to Manchester for safe housing.
D
People moved to Manchester for farming jobs.

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