Observational Studies and Experiments — Quiz

Question 3 • Statistics and Probability

Which statement best describes the effect of the confounding variable?

Answer

Because golfers may use both magnetic bracelets and expensive golf clubs, it will be difficult to determine which variable contributes most to longer shots.

Because golfers purchase expensive golf clubs, they may stop wearing their magnetic bracelets, which would interfere with the outcome of the study.

Because golfers using the magnetic bracelets believe they are hitting longer shots, the study may show their shots are not as long as they believe.

Because golfers can be randomly assigned to receive either magnetic bracelets or expensive golf clubs, the expensive golf clubs are a confounding variable.

Explanation

A confounding variable is an outside factor that could affect the outcome and make it hard to tell what caused the result. If golfers use both magnetic bracelets and expensive golf clubs, either could contribute to longer shots, so the study cannot easily separate their effects. Choice B describes this problem.

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