AnswersIA-Chemistry A Survey of Chemistry AThe Modern Atomic Theory

Periodic Trends Answers

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1
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Which explains the change in ionization energy that occurs between removing the first and second electrons from an atom?

A
The ionization energy decreases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases.
B
The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons increases.
C
The ionization energy decreases because the ratio of the protons to electrons decreases.
D
The ionization energy increases because the ratio of the protons to electrons decreases.
2
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Electronegativities of the elements Na, Al, P, and Cl follow a specific trend across the period. Based on this trend, an electron will be most strongly attracted to

A
Na.
B
Al.
C
P.
D
Cl.
3

Which element would most likely have an electron affinity measuring closest to zero?

A
Na
B
Al
C
Rb
D
Ar
4

The graph below shows the electronegativities of the elements in the periodic table.Which would least strongly attract electrons from other atoms in a compound?

Question illustration
A
elements of group 1
B
elements of group 2
C
elements of group 15
D
elements of group 17
5

Which element has a larger atomic radius than sulfur?

A
chlorine
B
cadmium
C
fluorine
D
oxygen
6

How does a lithium cation compare to a lithium atom?

A
The cation is larger.
B
The cation has the same radius.
C
The cation is smaller.
D
The cation has the same charge.
7

Selected properties of antimony (Sb) and iodine (I) are listed in the table below.ElementAtomic radius(pm)First ionization energy(kJ/mol)Electron affinity(kJ/mol)ElectronegativitySb145?–1032.05I1401008–295?Which predictions can most likely be made?

A
Sb has a lower ionization energy but a higher electronegativity than I.
B
Sb has a higher ionization energy but a lower electronegativity than I.
C
Sb has a lower ionization energy and a lower electronegativity than I.
D
Sb has a higher ionization energy and a higher electronegativity than I.
8

Among the elements of the main group, the first ionization energy increases

A
from left to right across a period.
B
from right to left across a period.
C
when the atomic radius increases.
D
down a group.
9

Which ion was formed by providing the second ionization energy to remove an electron?

A
Ca2+
B
N3–
C
Fe3+
D
S2–
10

Which element has the smallest atomic radius?

A
calcium
B
potassium
C
scandium
D
titanium

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