AnswersChemistryStates and Changes of Matter

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1
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Which statement describes an extensive property of matter?

A
It changes with the amount of sample that is present.
B
It changes with the composition of a substance.
C
It changes with the color of a substance.
D
It changes when a new substance is formed.
2
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Which statement describes effusion?

A
It occurs when a liquid disperses throughout a container.
B
It occurs when a gas passes through a tiny hole.
C
It occurs when a liquid passes through a tiny hole.
D
It occurs when gas molecules disperse throughout a container.
3

When a strip of magnesium metal is touched to a flame, a bright light and a whitish substance are produced. Why is the burning of magnesium considered a chemical change?

A
because a new substance is formed
B
because the metal reaches a high temperature
C
because the metal is malleable
D
because the metal begins to melt
4

Why do amorphous solids not have a long-range order in the arrangement of their particles?

A
Their particles always stay in the same positions.
B
Their particles eventually change positions.
C
They do not have enough particles.
D
Their formation involves very rapid cooling.
5

When the process of condensation occurs, the kinetic energy of particles

A
becomes independent of temperature.
B
becomes exactly equal to the intermolecular forces.
C
easily overcomes the intermolecular forces.
D
is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces.
6

Which best characterizes a crystal?

A
a number of high speed particles moving randomly
B
a high-energy state of matter made up of a swirling, ionized gas
C
a loose association of particles moving past one another
D
a dense substance that is hard and incompressible
7

Which is a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory?

A
Gas particles are very large in size and always move slowly.
B
Gas particles have a large volume relative to the spaces between them.
C
Gas particles are very small in size and always move slowly.
D
Gas particles have a small volume relative to the spaces between them.
8

The gas and liquid are at

A
equilibrium.
B
a high vapor pressure.
C
zero vapor pressure.
D
a low vapor pressure.
9

Which best describes the process that arrow 1 represents?

A
Molecules are slowing down during condensing.
B
Molecules are speeding up during boiling.
C
Molecules are moving from stationary positions.
D
Molecules are depositing as ice on a surface.
10

Which statement best describes the process that the diagrams show?

A
A gas loses kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a solid.
B
A solid loses kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a gas.
C
A gas gains kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a solid.
D
A solid gains kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a gas.

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