Practice Test Answers

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1
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What must happen for most areas on Earth to experience all four seasons?

A
The Northern Hemisphere must experience winter.
B
The axis must be tilted at a certain angle that remains unchanged.
C
The Sun must reach its highest point in the sky.
D
The north end of Earth’s axis must always point away from the Sun.
3

Which correctly list the three gases that each make up less than 1 percent of Earth’s atmosphere?

A
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
B
argon, water vapor, carbon dioxide
C
carbon dioxide, oxygen, argon
D
oxygen, argon, water vapor
5

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between air pressure, air density, or altitude?

A
Air pressure and density are lowest at sea level.
B
As altitude increases, pressure increases.
C
As altitude increases, air density increases.
D
Denser air exerts more pressure than less dense air.
6

Which describes the two ways that energy is measured?

A
in radiation and in convection
B
in wavelength and in temperature
C
in temperature and in radiation
D
in convection and in temperature
7

Why do scientists study seismographs?

A
to observe temperature changes on Earth’s surface
B
to analyze mineral content from Earth’s crust
C
to determine the location of an epicenter
D
to learn about different rock samples
9

Which statement best describes wavelengths of sunlight that are longer than 700 nanometers?

A
These wavelengths are shorter than the wavelengths of visible light.
B
These wavelengths form the ultraviolet light of the spectrum.
C
These wavelengths form the infrared part of the spectrum.
D
These wavelengths are part of the visible light spectrum.
11

In December, a city in the Southern Hemisphere has warm weather all month long. What causes this to happen?

A
The city experiences fewer hours of daylight.
B
The city is experiencing a winter solstice.
C
The Sun reaches its highest point in the sky during this month.
D
There is a high concentration of the Sun’s rays in that region.
12

Which describes a disruption in the water cycle that could affect photosynthesis?

A
Heat causes an excess of evaporation.
B
Heat causes an excess of condensation.
C
Heat causes an excess of transpiration.
D
Heat causes an excess of precipitation.
13

Which example is indirect evidence used to study Earth’s interior?

A
location of an earthquake’s epicenter
B
composition of minerals in a rock
C
age of a rock from within Earth
D
texture of different core samples
14

Which describes an effect that ocean currents have on short-term climate change?

A
Ocean currents increase the strength of prevailing winds, which can cool the air and land.
B
Ocean currents increase hurricane activity, which can raise the temperature of the air and land.
C
Ocean currents can carry cold water, which can cool the air and land.
D
Ocean currents carry cold water, which may not affect hurricane activity and lower the temperature of the air and land.
15

Which statement is an example of an observation a scientist would make to classify a rock?

A
A rock cracks in half after a rainstorm.
B
A rock is larger than other rocks.
C
A rock was found in a stream.
D
A rock is formed from molten lava.
16

Which describes one characteristic of both El Niño and La Niña?

A
Both create warmer water.
B
Both occur in the Pacific Ocean.
C
Both are causes of long-term climate change.
D
Both are causes of hurricane activity.
17

Which correctly lists the three plates that border the Indo-Australian Plate?

A
Pacific, Eurasian, and African
B
Eurasian, African, and South American
C
North American, Pacific, and African
D
African, North American, and South American

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