Practice Test Answers

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A utility company hires pollsters to knock on random doors in different parts of town to survey residents about the cost of their electric bill. Would this study be biased? Why or why not?

A
No, it is not biased. All residents who are surveyed will want to respond.
B
Yes, it is biased. Only certain parts of the town were surveyed.
C
Yes, it is biased. Some of the residents who are surveyed may not want to respond to someone who knocks at their door.
D
No, it is not biased. All residents of the town will have the opportunity to respond.
9

A trade school would like to measure the long-term success of its graduates after they leave the school, and emails a survey requesting information from graduates about their work experience. One question asks graduates if they are currently employed in the field they studied in school, while another asks them to share their annual salary. What type of bias is most likely to be present in the survey results?

A
This is response bias because some graduates may not provide accurate information.
B
This is voluntary response bias because graduates may choose to be part of the sample.
C
This is nonresponse bias because many graduates may choose not to respond to the email survey.
D
This is question wording bias because many graduates may misunderstand the questions asked.
10

What proportion of families own as opposed to rent their home? To find out, an urban planner selected a random sample of 400 families in a large city to participate in a survey about homeownership. Of the 362 families that responded to the survey, 42 percent reported that they own their home. Which of the following statements about the survey results is true?

A
A suitable estimate of all families who own their home is 42 percent .
B
The survey suffers from voluntary response bias and may not accurately represent the population.
C
Only 362 responses cannot provide a suitable estimate of families who own their home.
D
The survey suffers from undercoverage and may not provide a suitable estimate of homeownership.
11

Veronique has a spinner with three sections of equal size, red r , green g , and blue b The spinner is spun twice. The sample space for the possible outcomes is cap s is equal to rr, rb, rg, gr, gg, gb, br, bg, bb If the number of times red is spun is the random variable, cap x , which graph represents the probability distribution?

A
Image with description Bar graph titled “Probability Distribution.” The horizontal axis, labeled X, shows three outcomes: “0 times,” “1 time,” and “2 times.” The vertical axis, labeled Pₓ(x), ranges from 0 to 0.4 with tick marks at 0.1 intervals. Three bars are shown, one above each outcome, and all three bars have the same height, approximately 0.33 (one-third). This indicates that the probabilities of X being 0, 1, or 2 are equal.
B
Image with description Bar graph titled “Probability Distribution.” The horizontal axis, labeled X, shows three outcomes: “0 times,” “1 time,” and “2 times.” The vertical axis, labeled Pₓ(x), ranges from 0 to 0.4 with tick marks at 0.1 intervals. Three bars are shown, one above each outcome, and all three bars have the same height, approximately 0.33 (one-third). This indicates that the probabilities of X being 0, 1, or 2 are equal.
C
Image with description Bar graph titled “Probability Distribution.” The horizontal axis, labeled X, shows the outcomes “0 times,” “1 time,” and “2 times.” The vertical axis, labeled P subscript X of x, ranges from 0 to 0.6 with tick marks at intervals of 0.1. Three bars are displayed. The bar for “0 times” has height 0.5, the bar for “1 time” has height approximately 0.35, and the bar for “2 times” has height approximately 0.15. The graph shows that the probability decreases as the number of occurrences increases.
D
Image with description The bar graph entitled Probability Distribution represents the probability of how many times the color red is spun as a random variable. The x axis shows the possible values of the variable X, from 0 times to 1 time and 2 times, while the y axis shows the probability ranging from 0 to 0 point 6, in increments of 0.1, labeled as P subscript x of x. There are 3 bars. The first bar is at 0 times and its height is 0 point 55, the second bar is at 1 time and its height is 0 point 32, and the third bar is at 2 times and its height is 0 point 11.
12

Opal is collecting data on water levels in different parts of town. She notices that her sample data has a low-value outlier. Which statement must be true?

A
Removing the outlier will not change the variance of the data set.
B
Removing the outlier will decrease the spread of the graph of the data set.
C
Removing the outlier will not change the spread of the graph of the data set.
D
Removing the outlier will increase the variance of the data set.
13

The grades of a science test are normally distributed. Thanh finds that his grade on the test has a z -score of negative 2 point 5 Which statement must be true?

A
Thanh’s grade is 2 point 5 standard deviations above the mean of the test grades.
B
Thanh’s grade is 2 point 5 standard deviations below the mean of the test grades.
C
Thanh’s grade is 2 point 5 points below the mean of the test grades.
D
Thanh’s grade is 2 point 5 points above the mean of the test grades.
17

What is the shape of the distribution of bag weight?

A
skewed left
B
roughly symmetric
C
uniform
D
skewed right
18

Which of the following is a true statement based on the histogram?

A
There were no lap times between 35 and 36 seconds.
B
There were three laps with times greater than 38 seconds.
C
The interval from 37 to 38 seconds saw the most lap times.
D
There were six laps with times less than 37 seconds.

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