AnswersAISD Government 2026-27The Supreme Court and the Role of Government

The Supreme Court and the Role of Government Answers

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h
highest authority
l
limitless power
s
superior judgment
g
greater aptitude
2
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James McCulloch most likely supported the idea that Congress could create banks because

A
he knew that Maryland law did not allow for state-run banks.
B
he believed the Court should follow the implied powers of the Constitution.
C
he supported the idea of federal supremacy.
D
he didn’t want to pay state taxes on his bank.
3

What was the purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789?

I
It created the state court system.
I
It created a federal court system.
I
It created the judicial branch.
I
It created the Supreme Court.
4

Before McCulloch v. Maryland went to court, the state of Maryland

a
argued that James McCulloch must pay federal taxes.
c
created the first federal bank in the state.
s
said that only state banks were allowed within Maryland’s borders.
p
passed a law that required federal banks to pay state taxes.
5

By ruling in James McCulloch’s favor in McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court agreed that

A
Congress should not be involved in creating banks.
B
McCulloch could continue to pay state, not federal, taxes.
C
Congress had the power to create a federal bank.
D
McCulloch could run a state bank under federal laws.
6

How might the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland make future Supreme Court decisions more complicated?

T
The principle of federal supremacy meant the Court would more often rule in favor of federal powers over those of individual states.
T
The Court could rule based on what it felt was right rather than basing its decisions on the Constitution.
T
The Court could spend more time interpreting the intent of the Constitution rather than simply following it to the letter.
T
The principle of federal supremacy meant the Court would have to determine new limits on the federal government’s power.
7

In McCulloch v. Maryland, what did the State of Maryland argue?

A
Banks cannot be created by Congress.
B
States can determine which institutions within its borders must pay taxes.
C
A federal bank must pay taxes to the state in which it is located.
D
Banks may only be created by Congress, not by individuals.
8

How did Gibbons v. Ogden expand the idea of federal supremacy?

I
It said that federal judicial review is required in all state legal cases.
I
It said the Constitution is open to interpretation in state matters.
I
It said that federal trade is more important than state trade.
I
It said that Congress has power to regulate trade between states.
9

Read the excerpt from the majority opinion in the US Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison by John Marshall.Thus, the particular [wording] of the constitution of the United States confirms and strengthens the principle, supposed to be essential to all written constitutions, that a law [in opposition to] the constitution is void; and that courts, as well as other departments, are bound by that instrument.

l
limited the number of justices on the Court.
e
enacted term limits on the presidency.
p
placed limitations on state governments.
c
clarified the role of the Supreme Court.
10

It is emphatically the province and duty of the Judicial Department to say what the law is.

I
It explains why the Supreme Court ruled in favor of William Marbury in the case of Marbury v. Madison.
I
It explains that the Supreme Court should decide whether a law or action is constitutional.
I
It explains why the judicial department ruled that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was constitutional.
I
It explains that the judicial department has powers that go beyond the limits of the Constitution.

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