Pretest

Question 1

An astronaut compares the time passing on a watch worn while on a mission orbiting Earth with an identical watch on Earth. The astronaut’s watch shows that two hours have passed. What would the watch on Earth show?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

Less than two hours have passed because time passes more slowly in areas with stronger gravitational fields.

Question 2

Which best explains how an object at rest deep in space and far from any massive body behaves compared to an object in free fall in Earth’s gravitational field?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

They behave the same because, according to the principle of equivalence, the laws of physics work the same in all frames of reference.

Question 3

Masses in the universe curve space-time. What does the resulting shape of space-time cause?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

gravity

Question 4

Which observation have scientists used to support Einstein’s general theory of relativity?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

The orbital path of Mercury around the Sun has changed.

Question 5

The behavior of which objects are better explained by Einstein’s general theory of relativity than Newton’s universal law of gravitation?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

objects moving at near the speed of light

Question 6

Which describes Einstein’s general theory of relativity? Choose five correct answers.

Revolt · Accepted Answer

It applies to objects in a gravitational field.; It applies to accelerating objects.; It applies to objects in free fall.; It replaced the special theory of relativity.; It is an extension of the special theory of relativity.

Question 7

Which of these occur as part of gravitational redshift? Choose three correct answers.

Revolt · Accepted Answer

light observed on Earth appears more red; frequency of light decreases; wavelength of light lengthens

Question 8

A shining light casts a horizontal beam through a spacecraft. Which two observers would see this beam of light in the exact same way?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

an observer inside the spacecraft while the spacecraft is at rest and an observer inside the spacecraft while the spacecraft is moving at a constant velocity

Question 9

A scientist obtains images of a particular star, which appears as four separate stars. Which phenomenon causes the star to appear this way?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

gravitational lensing

Question 10

What did both Newton and Einstein believe directly affects gravity?

Revolt · Accepted Answer

mass of objects

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