AnswersBiologySex-linked Inheritance

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Drosophila eye color is an X-linked trait. Red eye color is dominant, and white eye color is recessive. Which Punnett square shows a cross in which the probability of offspring will have red eyes is 100 percent?

A
Image with description 2 by 2 Punnett square. Columns labeled X superscript lowercase r and Y. Rows labeled X superscript uppercase R and X superscript lowercase r. Cells show X superscript uppercase R X superscript lowercase r, X superscript uppercase R Y, X superscript lowercase r X superscript lowercase r, and X superscript lowercase r Y.
B
Image with description 2 by 2 Punnett square. Columns labeled X superscript lowercase r and Y. Rows labeled X superscript lowercase r and X superscript lowercase r. Cells show X superscript lowercase r X superscript lowercase r, X superscript lowercase r Y, X superscript lowercase r X superscript lowercase r, and X superscript lowercase r Y.
C
Image with description 2 by 2 Punnett square. Columns labeled X superscript lowercase r and Y. Rows labeled X superscript uppercase R and X superscript uppercase R. Cells show X superscript uppercase R X superscript lowercase r, X superscript uppercase R Y, X superscript uppercase R X superscript lowercase r, and X superscript uppercase R Y.
D
Image with description 2 by 2 Punnett square. Columns labeled X superscript uppercase R and Y. Rows labeled X superscript uppercase R and X superscript lowercase r. Cells show X superscript uppercase R X superscript uppercase R, X superscript uppercase R Y, X superscript uppercase R X superscript lowercase r, and X superscript lowercase r Y.
E
Image with description A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x Upper R and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X Upper R Upper X r, Upper X Upper R Y, Upper X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper X r.
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Which combination of alleles are always involved in the inheritance of a sex-linked trait?

A
alleles that are carried on all chromosomes except the X and Y chromosomes
B
homozygous alleles
C
alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes
D
heterozygous alleles
3

Which statement is always true when describing sex-linked inheritance?

A
It results in a dominant trait.
B
The alleles are found on the X or Y chromosome.
C
The resulting trait is influenced by multiple alleles.
D
It is affected by alleles on at least three different chromosomes.
4

What is the purpose of using a pedigree?

A
to study the causes of traits that are acquired during an organism’s life
B
to identify traits that are acquired during an organism’s life
C
to determine mating patterns in organisms
D
to understand patterns of inheritance in organisms
5

Which is not considered a sex-linked trait?

A
eye color in fruit flies
B
purple flower color in pea plants
C
red-green color blindness in humans
D
hemophilia in humans
6

Which pedigree symbol is used to represent a female carrier of a recessive X-linked trait?

A
Image with description A circle with no shading.
B
Image with description A square with no shading.
C
Image with description A fully shaded square.
D
Image with description A half-shaded circle.
7

Which allele combination represents a female who is a carrier for an cap x -linked recessive disorder?

A
cap x to the r th power cap y
B
cap x to the cap r th power cap x to the r th power
C
cap x to the r th power cap x to the r th power
D
cap x to the cap r th power cap y
8

Which allele combination represents a female who is heterozygous for a sex-linked trait?

A
cap x to the cap r th power cap x to the r th power
B
cap x to the r th power cap y
C
cap x to the cap r th power cap y
D
cap x to the cap r th power cap x to the cap r th power
9

Which statement about inheritance is true?

A
Fathers always determine the gender of the offspring in humans.
B
Male offspring will always have an X-linked genetic disease if the mom is a carrier.
C
Girls get most of their traits from their moms; boys get most of their traits from their dads.
D
Males never have Y chromosomes.
10

How are the alleles for sex-linked traits inherited?

A
They are passed from parents to offspring on the X and Y chromosomes.
B
They are passed from the Y chromosome in parents to the X chromosome in offspring.
C
They are passed from the X chromosome in parents to the XY chromosome in offspring.
D
They are passed from any chromosome in the parents to the X or Y chromosome in the offspring.

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