Pretest Answers

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1
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Fidel Castro led a revolution in Cuba in 1959 and created a government based on

A
a communist dictatorship.
B
democratic principles.
C
socialist ideals.
D
a republic model.
2
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Which best describes the difference between socialism and communism?

A
The government controls a country’s means of production under communism, while it controls a nation’s economy under socialism.
B
The government includes a single political party under socialism, while multiple political parties are in charge under communism.
C
The government controls people’s lives under communism, while it provides certain services for citizens under socialism.
D
The government is considered totalitarian under socialism, while it is best known for its state ownership practices under communism.
3

Which best describes the successes and challenges of modern-day Mexico?

A
It has eradicated government corruption and poverty, but economic growth has been stagnant and the middle class remains small.
B
It has dealt with high level government corruption and drug cartel violence, but an individual’s rights and the middle class have decreased.
C
It has expanded the economy and increased global trade, but the middle class remains small and an individual’s rights have diminished.
D
It has experienced economic growth and a growing middle class, but poverty continues to linger and government corruption remains.
4

Which best describes how Mexican leaders sought to protect democratic rule after the country’s revolution?

A
They restricted foreign investment.
B
They passed worker protection laws.
C
They approved a new constitution.
D
They provided free education.
6

Mexico’s Constitution of 1917 helped the working class by

A
forcing businesses to pay a living wage.
B
protecting the right to strike.
C
improving education in rural areas.
D
restricting employment of foreigners.
7

Many Latin American countries in the twentieth century turned to

A
monarchy and self-government.
B
communism and socialism.
C
fascism and despotism.
D
democracy and autocracy.
8

The Mexican Constitution of 1917 sought to protect democratic rule by

A
seizing church lands, allowing private education, and abolishing minimum-wage laws.
B
allowing foreigners to own land, approving censorship, and prohibiting workers’ right to strike.
C
encouraging large estates, prohibiting discrimination, and prohibiting workers’ right to unionize.
D
breaking up large estates, providing free education, and establishing minimum-wage laws.
9

The main reason Cárdenas nationalized Mexico’s oil industry was to

A
end corruption within private oil businesses.
B
enable the country to get direct benefit from its vast supplies.
C
better protect the environment and land in the country.
D
curtail foreign investment in this key resource.
10

After Cuba lost economic aid from the Soviet Union, Fidel Castro

A
allowed some economic reforms to occur.
B
changed the country’s system of government.
C
turned to other communist countries for help.
D
encouraged the United States to invest in the country.

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