Answers062mde1 SE ECAD Fall 2025 - Q2 - NM-Biology - S1Unit Test

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Answers

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21
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Which is a difference between proteins and carbohydrates and fats?

A
Proteins are macromolecules; carbohydrates and fats are not.
B
Proteins are composed of monomers; carbohydrates and fats are not.
C
Carbohydrates and fats contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; proteins do not.
D
Excess carbohydrates and fats are stored; excess proteins are not.
22
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Which statement about carbohydrates is true?

A
Carbohydrates transmit genetic information.
B
Carbohydrates provide energy for living things.
C
Carbohydrates regulate cell processes.
D
Carbohydrates fight disease.
23

If the last carbon atom of an unsaturated fatty acid is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom, what type of bond must exist between the last carbon and the other carbon atom?

A
single
B
double
C
triple
D
quadruple
24

Which is the central element for all living things?

A
carbon
B
hydrogen
C
oxygen
D
nitrogen
25

Jada wants to eat a meal that will sustain her energy during a long run. Which of these food items is the best source of long-term energy?

A
grape juice
B
sugar cookie
C
baked potato
D
strawberries
26

A scientist is conducting an investigation that involves water, silver, carbon dioxide, and oxygen gas. Which group of statements best describe all of the materials he is using in the investigation?

A
They are each compounds. Each of the compounds is made of atoms. All of the atoms are made of matter.
B
They are each made of matter. Some are compounds and some are elements. They all contain atoms.
C
They are all elements. Some contain molecules of the same type of atom. Some contain different types of atoms.
D
They are each made of matter. Some are compounds made of one type of element. Some are pure atoms.
27

What is the general term for any carbohydrate monomer?

A
glucose
B
polysaccharide
C
monosaccharide
D
fructose
28

Which statement best describes the relationship between activation energy and rate of reaction?

A
Increasing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
B
Reducing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
C
Increasing the reaction energy does not alter the rate of reaction.
D
Reducing the activation energy can decrease the rate of a reaction.
29

The diagram shows a type of lipid.Which type of lipid is shown?

Question illustration
A
a saturated phospholipid
B
a saturated triglyceride
C
an unsaturated phospholipid
D
an unsaturated triglyceride
30

After school, Kai feels hungry and tired. He finds some sugar cookies in the cabinet and finishes the whole package. Which statements best describe the role of glucagon and insulin in this scenario?

A
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Insulin was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
B
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Glucagon was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
C
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, insulin from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
D
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, glucagon from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
31

Why do phospholipids form a bilayer in water?

A
The phosphate portions repel each other.
B
The hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts attract each other.
C
The phosphate portions attract water, and the lipid portions repel water.
D
The lipid portions attract water, and the phosphate portions repel water.
32

The graph below compares the rates of reaction of a burning candle and an exploding firework.What can you conclude from the graph?

Question illustration
A
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
B
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
C
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
D
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
33

What would most likely happen to a person who is not getting enough essential amino acids in his or her diet?

A
The body would synthesize the amino acids.
B
Muscle growth and repair would be limited.
C
Stored protein would break down.
D
The formation of proteins would increase.
34

Which element is found in both DNA and protein?

A
sulfur
B
sodium
C
nitrogen
D
chlorine
35

Which type of protein will fight disease?

A
insulin
B
antibodies
C
ligaments
D
genes
36

Which is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

A
a five-carbon sugar
B
an amino group
C
an amino acid
D
a water molecule
37

What would most likely happen if an error occurred when RNA was receiving coding information?

A
Proteins would be formed incorrectly.
B
DNA would form incorrectly.
C
RNA could not form a correct blueprint.
D
The incorrect amino acid would form.
38

Which carbohydrate can be used by the body as an immediate source of energy?

A
glucose
B
cellulose
C
chitin
D
glycogen
39

Which type of molecule that can be found in living things lacks carbon atoms?

A
protein
B
carbohydrate
C
fat
D
water
40

Which statement about enzymes is true?

A
An enzyme functions to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction.
B
Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts in nonliving things.
C
Each enzyme can catalyze many different biochemical reactions.
D
Enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key.

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