AnswersPA Human Anatomy Physiology A 2026-2027 SMITH ICProteins and Nucleic Acids

Proteins and Nucleic Acids Answers

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1
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Which element is found in nucleic acids but not in amino acids?

A
carbon
B
hydrogen
C
nitrogen
D
phosphorus
2
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Which pair of statements best describes an essential amino acid?

A
It is an amino acid that contains peptide bonds. An example is proline.
B
It is an amino acid that contains nitrogen. An example is aspartic acid.
C
It is an amino acid that cannot be made by the body. It must be obtained from eating certain foods.
D
It is an amino acid that can be produced by the body. Vitamin supplements maintain healthy levels.
3

Who first identified nucleic acids, and where were they discovered?

A
Friedrich Meischer discovered nucleic acids in blood cells.
B
Phoebus Levine discovered nucleic acids in plant cells.
C
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered nucleic acids in DNA.
D
Gerardus Johannes Mulder discovered nucleic acids in bacterial cells.
4

Which component makes each amino acid unique?

A
amino group
B
carboxyl group
C
R group
D
phosphate group
5

How many amino acids must be obtained in the diet because they cannot be made by the body?

A
2
B
5
C
9
D
20
6

Which statement best distinguishes plants and animals as they relate to amino acids?

A
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants or animals to obtain some of these amino acids.
B
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants to obtain all of these amino acids.
C
Plants can only synthesize ten amino acids. Humans synthesize the other ten amino acids.
D
Plants and humans both synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must supplement a few of these by eating animals.
7

DNA and RNA share a number of similarities, but they also differ in certain aspects of their structure. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but is not found in DNA?

A
uracil
B
adenine
C
thymine
D
cytosine
8

What effect has breast cancer research had on society?

A
People who have gene mutations have more treatment options.
B
People now face an increased risk of breast cancer.
C
The complete history of breast cancer is now known.
D
Breast cancer research has no impact outside of a lab.
9

How many amino acids are found in living organisms?

A
2
B
5
C
10
D
20
10

Which statement is true about BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes?

A
These genes were discovered in 1953.
B
Cancerous tumors often form on these genes.
C
People can be tested for mutations on these genes.
D
Mutations of these genes lead to diabetes.

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