AnswersPA Human Anatomy Physiology A 2026-2027 SMITH ICProteins and Nucleic Acids

Proteins and Nucleic Acids Answers

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1
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Which is a difference between proteins and carbohydrates and fats?

A
Proteins are macromolecules; carbohydrates and fats are not.
B
Proteins are composed of monomers; carbohydrates and fats are not.
C
Carbohydrates and fats contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; proteins do not.
D
Excess carbohydrates and fats are stored; excess proteins are not.
2
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Which protein serves as a chemical messenger?

A
hemoglobin
B
actin
C
myosin
D
insulin
3

Which three components are common to all amino acids?

A
an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an R group
B
an amino group, a phosphate group, and an R group
C
a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
D
a five-carbon sugar, an amino group, and a nitrogenous base
4

What effect has breast cancer research had on society?

A
People who have gene mutations have more treatment options.
B
People now face an increased risk of breast cancer.
C
The complete history of breast cancer is now known.
D
Breast cancer research has no impact outside of a lab.
5

Which statement best distinguishes plants and animals as they relate to amino acids?

A
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants or animals to obtain some of these amino acids.
B
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants to obtain all of these amino acids.
C
Plants can only synthesize ten amino acids. Humans synthesize the other ten amino acids.
D
Plants and humans both synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must supplement a few of these by eating animals.
6

Which is a function of nucleic acids?

A
create movement
B
provide structure
C
store genetic information
D
fight disease
7

How many amino acids are found in living organisms?

A
2
B
5
C
10
D
20
8

Which statement is true about BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes?

A
These genes were discovered in 1953.
B
Cancerous tumors often form on these genes.
C
People can be tested for mutations on these genes.
D
Mutations of these genes lead to diabetes.
9

Who first identified nucleic acids, and where were they discovered?

A
Friedrich Meischer discovered nucleic acids in blood cells.
B
Phoebus Levine discovered nucleic acids in plant cells.
C
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered nucleic acids in DNA.
D
Gerardus Johannes Mulder discovered nucleic acids in bacterial cells.
10

Which element is found in nucleic acids but not in amino acids?

A
carbon
B
hydrogen
C
nitrogen
D
phosphorus

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