Answers3262 CR Physics B 2526Unit Test

Radioactivity Answers

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Sadira makes a graphic organizer to show how geologists and archaeologists use radioisotopes.Which labels belong in the regions marked X and Y?

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A
X: Uses carbon-14Y: Uses uranium-238
B
X: Uses uranium-238Y: Determines ages of objects
C
X: Determines ages of objectsY: Uses uranium-238
D
X: Uses isotopes with short half-livesY: Determines ages of objects
2
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Which change occurs when an atom undergoes alpha decay?

A
The nucleus loses mass and a new element is produced.
B
The nucleus gains a proton and a new element is produced.
C
The nucleus loses energy and remains the same element.
D
The nucleus loses a neutron and remains the same element.
3

The emission of light from a radioisotope occurs during decay.

Answer not available
4

Which are methods of reducing exposure to ionizing radiation? Check all that apply. using a lead apron during medical X-rayspicking up radioactive material by hand to avoid dropping ittaking an X-ray image of large areas of the body at onceusing a short burst of X-rays to take an imagetaking an image of the smallest possible area

A
using a lead apron during medical X-rays
B
picking up radioactive material by hand to avoid dropping it
C
taking an X-ray image of large areas of the body at once
D
using a short burst of X-rays to take an image
E
taking an image of the smallest possible area
5

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5 years. How old is a sample of cobalt-60 if only one-eighth of the original sample is still cobalt-60?

A
5 years
B
10 years
C
15 years
D
20 years
6

Which describes why radioisotopes can be used as tracers in studying the biological and chemical processes of plants?

A
The radioisotope is chemically identical to the nonradioisotope the plant normally uses.
B
The radioisotope is absorbed more quickly than the nonradioisotope the plant normally uses.
C
The radioisotope converts the nonradioisotope normally used by a plant into a radioisotope.
D
The radioisotope travels through the plant without participating in any chemical processes.
7

Which is the best predictor of the radioactive nature of an isotope?

A
the proton-to-electron ratio
B
the neutron-to-proton ratio
C
the neutron-to-electron ratio
D
the electron-to-proton ratio
8

Calcium-51 has a half-life of 4.5 days. Only 0.75 gram remains of a sample that was initially 12 grams.How old is the sample of calcium-51?

A
4.5 days
B
9.0 days
C
13.5 days
D
18 days
9

The table lists several radioisotopes that have technological uses.

Question illustration
A
uranium-238
B
carbon-14
C
iodine-131
D
technetium-99
10

What did the accident at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl in 1986 demonstrate about the use of nuclear power that had not been previously demonstrated?

A
The byproducts of the process are radioactive.
B
The generation of electricity releases no carbon dioxide.
C
The uranium fuel that is used is radioactive.
D
Large areas can be contaminated with radiation.

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