Scientific Inquiry Answers

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5

An independent variable is

A
directly changed by the experimenter.
B
manipulated by changes to the dependent variable.
C
a variable that is kept constant.
D
a variable that is used as a control.
6

A hypothesis is _______.

A
a proposed solution to observed phenomena
B
a question derived from observed phenomena
C
a testable explanation for observed phenomena
D
generated as the final step in scientific inquiry
7

Which of the following is an inference?

A
The flower is pink.
B
Vinegar has a pungent aroma.
C
A dog barks.
D
A cup with steam coming from it will be hot to the touch.
8

Which of the following statements describes a scientific law?

A
A scientific law explains a set of events.
B
A scientific law describes what occurs every time in a situation.
C
A scientific law is constantly modified.
D
A scientific law is developed without experimentation.
10

Scientific experiments must be able to be repeated by multiple scientists to verify the results that are obtained. Which of the following is an example of a scientific question that could be used to create an easily reproducible experiment?

A
Why do people like to watch television?
B
Does the mass of a rocket affect the distance it can travel?
C
What makes the sky blue?
D
Does sugar or salt have a greater effect on plant growth?
11

Scientific theories are explanations for scientific phenomena that can be changed when and if new information is found to support or refute the explanation. Which of the following statements provides an example of a scientific theory?

A
An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force.
B
Species evolve by passing on advantageous hereditary traits.
C
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
D
In a closed system, energy is neither created nor destroyed.
12

What are the two categories of observations?

A
qualitative and quantitative
B
direct and indirect
C
sensory and derived
D
measured and deduced
13

Scientific questions must be _______.

A
based on scientific theories
B
general
C
biased
D
testable
15

An observation is _______.

A
a possible explanation for events using prior knowledge
B
always quantitative
C
made using any of the five senses
D
always qualitative
17

An inference _______.

A
is a possible explanation for events using prior knowledge
B
explains if a hypothesis is or is not valid
C
is made independent of observation or prior knowledge
D
can be either qualitative or quantitative

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