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Scientific Inquiry Answers

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1
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A student completed a lab report. Which correctly describes the difference between the “Question” and “Hypothesis” sections of her report?

A
“Question” states what she is asking, and “Hypothesis” states the result of her experiment.
B
“Question” states what she is asking, and “Hypothesis” states what she thinks the answer to that question is in “if . . . then . . . because” format.
C
“Question” describes what she is trying to find out, and "Hypothesis" states the procedures and methods of data collection.
D
“Question” describes what she is trying to find out, and “Hypothesis” states any additional information or prior knowledge about the question.
2
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Which statement correctly compares the "Analysis" and "Conclusion" sections of a lab report?

A
Only the “Conclusion” section describes errors that occurred during the experiment, and only the “Analysis” section suggests further research.
B
Only the “Analysis” section includes specific data comparisons, and only the “Conclusion” section suggests further research.
C
Only the “Analysis” section discusses whether the original hypothesis was supported, and both sections include graphs of data.
D
Only the “Conclusion” section discusses whether the original hypothesis was supported, and both sections suggest further research.
3

“Any process used to ask and answer testable questions about observations of the natural world” defines which term?

A
scientific consensus
B
scientific inquiry
C
scientific conclusion
D
scientific hypothesis
4

Which famous scientist is credited as the founder of the scientific method?

A
Aristotle
B
John Dalton
C
Sir Francis Bacon
D
Sir Isaac Newton
5

In which order are the steps of the scientific method commonly listed?

A
question, hypothesize, experiment, collect data, communicate, conclude
B
hypothesize, question, experiment, conclude, collect data, communicate
C
question, hypothesize, experiment, collect data, conclude, communicate
D
hypothesize, question, experiment, collect data, communicate, conclude
6

A scientist conducting an experiment quickly saw that she was not getting the results she expected. Instead of continuing to collect data, she went back to redesign the experiment until the data came out the way that the hypothesis predicted. The scientist’s work did not follow the scientific method. Which statement best explains why?

A
She followed the steps of the scientific method, but in the wrong order.
B
She made improvements to her experimental design rather than keeping it the same.
C
She failed to look at the data objectively by trying to get a desired result.
D
She carried out multiple trials rather than carrying out one trial correctly.
7

Which action shows a creative approach to the process of scientific inquiry?

A
developing a technique for observing an object that has yet to be observed
B
creating an attractive cover picture for a laboratory report
C
explaining why a hypothesis is supported despite data showing otherwise
D
manipulating data to achieve a desired result
8

Which example best represents the use of creativity in scientific inquiry?

A
replicating Pasteur’s experiments by using his original equipment
B
using a computer spreadsheet program to process data and make graphs
C
increasing the efficiency of a pharmaceutical factory
D
developing a new way to extract a particular protein from tissue samples
9

A student sees several ants walking up a wall following the exact same trail that an ant took earlier. She wants to apply the scientific method to determine how the ants detected the trail. Which of these steps would come first in her application of the scientific method?

A
Perform an experiment by cleaning the scent away from part of the trail.
B
Draw a conclusion that the ants follow a scent trail.
C
Make a prediction about what the ants will do after she cleans away part of the trail.
D
Hypothesize that the ants are following a scent trail that the first ant left.
10

Unlike the methods of early scientists, how did Sir Francis Bacon believe basic laws of science should be determined?

A
by using inductive reasoning based on empirical evidence
B
by using inductive reasoning based on a few basic truths
C
by using deductive reasoning based on a few basic truths
D
by using deductive reasoning based on empirical evidence

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