Solids and Plasmas Answers

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Carla makes a small cardboard boat and floats it in a tub of water. When she adds a drop of dish soap behind the boat, the boat moves forward.Which statement best explains what happened?

A
The soap increased the viscosity of the water behind the boat, allowing the water in front of the boat to flow more easily.
B
The soap reduced the surface tension behind the boat, causing both water molecules and the boat to be pulled forward.
C
The soap increased the kinetic energy of the water molecules behind the boat, causing both the molecules and the boat to move forward.
D
The soap formed an immiscible layer on the water, causing the soap to spread out and push the boat forward.
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The particles in water have less mobility than the particles in oxygen. Which statement best explains this observation?

A
Water is always colder than oxygen.
B
Water has a lower density than oxygen.
C
Water particles have a greater kinetic energy.
D
Water particles have strong intermolecular forces.
3

Which molecules would most likely cause a liquid to have the lowest viscosity?

A
large, polar molecules
B
small, nonpolar molecules
C
small, polar molecules
D
large, nonpolar molecules
4

Why are liquids well suited for hydraulics?

A
Liquids have low densities.
B
Liquids are incompressible.
C
Liquids change volume easily.
D
Liquids have few molecules.
5

Which type of substance is water able to dissolve?

A
nonpolar
B
ionic
C
polar
D
ionic and polar
6

Which term best describes liquid behavior under pressure?

A
incompressible
B
compressed
C
immiscible
D
surfactant
7

Which process most likely takes place when the kinetic energy of molecules overcomes the intermolecular forces?

A
boiling
B
condensation
C
freezing
D
solidification
8

What is produced on the top of a pool of water by the mutual attraction between water molecules?

A
surfactant
B
surface tension
C
a much smaller volume
D
a much higher density
9

Which postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory applies to the particles of a liquid?

A
They do not move freely but vibrate in a stationary position.
B
They can be compressed, which causes a large change in volume.
C
They have so much kinetic energy that their intermolecular forces are negligible.
D
They have enough kinetic energy to easily slide by each other.
10

Melting can be best described as a process in which molecules

A
lose kinetic energy and move slowly.
B
lose kinetic energy and remain stationary.
C
gain kinetic energy and escape into the atmosphere.
D
gain enough kinetic energy to get past each other.

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