AnswersLPISD Earth Systems A - CRHypotheses, Theories, and Laws

Technological Design Answers

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The line graph shows the depth of the Mississippi River from May 2007 through May 2015. It also shows the depth at which the river floods. These data were collected using a gauge that measures the height of the water, or water depth.

Question illustration
A
The recent reading was taken in the morning.
B
At the time of the recent reading, the Mississippi River was flooding.
C
At the time of the recent reading, the Mississippi River was at a low point.
D
At the time of the recent reading, the Mississippi River was as deep as it has ever been.
2
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Technological design leads to the development and innovation of new technologies. Which statement represents innovation?

A
Solar panels have increased in efficiency over the past 20 years.
B
The Sun is the primary source of energy for the solar system.
C
Previous models of a type of car have fewer engine problems.
D
Natural selection ensures that only the fittest survive.
3

The theory of plate tectonics states that the outer layer of Earth is divided into large, rigid blocks called plates. What could happen that may lead to a change in this theory?

A
Scientists discover new information about Earth's layers.
B
Scientists begin observing Earth's outer layer.
C
Scientists update their opinion of the theory.
D
Scientists revise the definition of theory so that it fits with what they believe.
4

Years ago, scientists cloned Dolly the sheep. Which statement best describes one way in which this experiment affected society?

A
Dolly was able to live in a safe environment.
B
Scientists detailed the procedure used for cloning.
C
People debated the ethics of this experiment.
D
Farmers continued normal practices of sourcing lambs.
5

Scientists once believed that protons, electrons, and neutrons were the smallest particles of matter. Now they believe that these particles are made of even smaller particles.Which statement gives one of the reasons the original belief was a theory?

A
It was not based on tests or observations.
B
It was a factual statement based on a hypothesis.
C
It did not explain what matter is actually made of.
D
It was a widely accepted explanation of the structure of matter.
6

A student asks, "How does exercise affect an individual’s heart rate?" Which step can the student complete to best help her answer the question through scientific inquiry?

A
She can keep the results to herself.
B
She can conduct background research.
C
She can ask friends for their opinions.
D
She can observe people who do not exercise.
7

Jessica runs the Junior Scientists League to support future scientists. What do Jessica and the Junior Scientists need to consider when conducting studies and experiments?

A
basing results on facts
B
being resistant to new information
C
using opinions to draw conclusions
D
using an unsystematic process
8

A new car design must carry a family of four, include safety features, get more than 25 miles per gallon on the highway, and weigh less than 1.5 tons. Which is one of the criteria that should be part of the design to meet the proposal request?

A
seats for five people
B
efficiency of 20 miles per gallon
C
weight of 1.75 tons
D
outperformance of the competition
9

The histogram shows final exam scores, and the table shows letter grades for each range of scores. A passing grade is 60% or higher.A90–100%B80–90%C70–80%D60–70%

Question illustration
A
Twenty students received As and Bs.
B
Forty students received scores between 40% and 60%.
C
Most students received As and Bs.
D
Most students passed the final exam.
10

Which statement describes an essential characteristic of data in an experiment?

A
The data must be reliable.
B
The data must be wide-ranging.
C
The data must include high values.
D
The data must include the same values.
11

What are hypotheses partially based on?

A
conclusions
B
facts
C
observations
D
future events
12

Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas tends to increase as the volume of the container holding the gas decreases.Which explains why this is a law rather than a theory?

A
It is a statement of fact.
B
It explains how the pressure of gases changes.
C
It has been revised and replaced over time.
D
It has changed due to advances in technology.
13

Which activity describes the use of technology in science?

A
listening to a scientist talk about cells
B
viewing stars through a telescope
C
observing a plant through the bedroom window
D
creating a blank data table in a notebook
14

Which statement best describes a difference or similarity between a comparative investigation and an experimental investigation?

A
Comparative investigations may be impractical and unrealistic, while experimental investigations are the most practical and realistic kinds of investigations.
B
Comparative investigations involve variables that can be controlled, while experimental investigations allow for the use of a wide range of variables but do not have a control group.
C
Both experimental investigations and comparative investigations are designed to answer scientific questions.
D
Both experimental investigations and comparative investigations focus on making observations rather than collecting new data.
15

Engineers designed a motorcycle helmet from a long-lasting and safe material that protects the wearer from accidents and excessive heat. What is one technological design criterion that the engineers still need to meet?

A
be a solution to the problem
B
be affordable
C
be durable
D
be safe

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