Geologic Time — Test Answers

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Actinobacteria sp. are organisms called chemoorganohetereotrophs. They do not use oxygen to breathe. They break down organic material and convert it to inorganic material.Which part of the carbon cycle does this describe?

A
photosynthesis
B
respiration
C
decomposition
D
assimilation
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Which is an effect of short-term environmental changes?

A
adaptation
B
speciation
C
extinction
D
death
3

A change occurs in an environment that lasts for three days and causes an immediate, dramatic impact. What can be known about this change?

A
It is a short-term change.
B
It is a long-term change.
C
It is a flood.
D
It is an ice age.
4

Sublimation is the opposite of deposition just as evaporation is the opposite of

A
fusion
B
transpiration
C
freezing
D
condensation
5

The size of a food chain can vary, but the number of levels that a food chain can reach is limited.Why does this limit exist?

A
Plants are not infinite in number.
B
Producers are limited by consumers.
C
Carnivores are too large to be eaten.
D
Energy is lost at each trophic level.
6

Which statement best describes the purpose of Earth's spheres?

A
They work together as open systems to cycle matter through ecosystems.
B
They work independently as closed systems to cycle matter through ecosystems.
C
They work together as open systems to move matter to living and nonliving parts of Earth.
D
They work independently as closed systems to move nutrients to living and nonliving parts of Earth.
7

Producers and consumers release carbon dioxide as waste during which process of the carbon cycle?

A
photosynthesis
B
respiration
C
condensation
D
fixation
8

What is common between the environmental changes of ice ages and global warming?

A
They influence global temperatures in the same way.
B
They have the same causes.
C
They can lead to extinction.
D
They disrupt the same species in the same ways.
9

Which statement best compares the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle?

A
Both cycle water from Earth's surface to the atmosphere.
B
Both involve the work of decomposers.
C
Both release oxygen as a waste product.
D
Both require fixation in order to convert molecules.
10

Which best explains how scientists confirmed that the moon formed around the same time as Earth?

A
Scientists determined the approximate age of fossils from the moon and Earth.
B
Scientists used radioactive dating to study the age of material from the moon and Earth.
C
Scientists explored the cycle of condensation and evaporation over time on the moon and Earth.
D
Scientists analyzed the content of gases that were part of the atmospheres on the moon and Earth.
11

By which process does water vapor become a cloud?

A
evaporation
B
transpiration
C
condensation
D
precipitation
12

What determines the length of a geologic time period?

A
fossil record
B
material density
C
meteors and rocks
D
radioactive materials
13

What would happen to life on Earth if all the liquid fresh water were used up?

A
All organisms would adapt to using salt water.
B
Organisms would carry out life functions without water.
C
Animals would be affected, but some desert plants would survive.
D
Life could no longer exist on Earth.
14

What is an ice age?

A
a recent increase in the average global temperature near Earth’s surface
B
a period of time when temperatures across the planet are colder than normal
C
a characteristic of winter that returns seasonally
D
the loss of heat in coastal areas from La Niña storms
15

Which important event in Earth’s history occurred during the Jurassic period?

A
The first birds emerged on Earth.
B
Mammals were in search of food.
C
Animals with shells emerged on Earth
D
Treelike ferns first began to grow and populate.

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