AnswersHealth Science Concepts A1 – EDGNTY-83861 26-27Organic Substances and Compounds

Organic Substances and Compounds — Unit test Answers

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1
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Cells may become dehydrated when water leaves the cell and enters the surrounding environment, leaving the cell limp and shriveled. When this happens, what type of solution is the cell in, and how would taking in water help the cell?

A
hypertonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
B
hypertonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
C
hypotonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
D
hypotonic; the concentration outside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
E
hypertonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
F
hypertonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
G
hypotonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
H
hypotonic; the concentration inside the cell would become less concentrated, and the water would reenter the cell
2
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Which organic compound aids in keeping heat in the body?

A
carbohydrates
B
carbohydrates
C
nucleic acids
D
nucleic acids
E
fat
F
fat
G
protein
H
protein
3

Which is a compound?

A
nitrogen gas
B
nitrogen gas
C
carbon dioxide gas
D
carbon dioxide gas
E
oxygen gas
F
oxygen gas
G
hydrogen gas
H
hydrogen gas
4

Which list describes the proper order for protein synthesis?

Question illustration
R
RNA is made ribosome makes protein DNA is copied
Option R
r
ribosome makes protein DNA is copied RNA is made
Option r
D
DNA is copied RNA is made ribosome makes protein
Option D
D
DNA is copied ribosome makes protein RNA is made
Option D
5

Which best describes adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A
A waste-product molecule that is produced by cells but cannot be used by them.
B
A high-energy molecule that is used by every cell in the body as an energy carrier.
C
A process that is used to create energy when oxygen is available to the body.
D
A process that is used to create energy when oxygen is not available to the body.
6

Which correctly lists the order of aerobic respiration from step one to step three?

A
electron transport chain, citric acid cycle, glycolysis
B
citric acid cycle, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation
C
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
D
fermentation, glycolysis, electron transport chain
7

Male gametes are called _____, and female gametes are called _____.

A
gamete; zygote
B
gamete; zygote
C
testes; ovum
D
testes; ovum
E
sperm; ovum
F
sperm; ovum
G
sperm; zygote
H
sperm; zygote
8

Abigail is a laboratory assistant. She has been asked to prepare microscope slides of plants undergoing mitosis. Where is the best place to get samples?

A
from the flower petals
B
from the flower petals
C
from the tips of the root
D
from the tips of the root
E
from the woody part of a tree
F
from the woody part of a tree
G
from the leaves
H
from the leaves
9

Bacteria reproduce through binary fission. Binary fission is a simpler process than mitosis in plants and animals because bacteria

A
are able to produce spores.
B
are able to produce spores.
C
do not undergo cytokinesis.
D
do not undergo cytokinesis.
E
do not have a nucleus.
F
do not have a nucleus.
G
are single-celled organisms.
H
are single-celled organisms.
10

best

D
Dr. Murphy is using an electron microscope; Dr. Lee is using a light microscope.
D
Dr. Lee is using an electron microscope; Dr. Murphy is using a light microscope.
D
Dr. Murphy’s cells were cultured incorrectly; Dr. Lee’s cells were cultured correctly.
D
Dr. Lee’s cells were cultured incorrectly; Dr. Murphy’s cells were cultured correctly.
11

When a bacterium damages human lung cells and causes tuberculosis, the human cells that are affected in the lungs are

p
prokaryotic somatic cells.
p
prokaryotic germ cells.
e
eukaryotic somatic cells.
e
eukaryotic germ cells.
12

Fructose is a sugar molecule that is similar to glucose. It moves from a high concentration outside the cell to a low concentration inside the cell. How would fructose enter a cell?

A
passive diffusion
B
passive diffusion
C
osmosis
D
osmosis
E
facilitated diffusion
F
facilitated diffusion
G
active transport
H
active transport
13

How do meiosis and fertilization account for the diversity of human traits?

A
They allow for traits to be present in many different combinations.
B
They allow for traits to be present in many different combinations.
C
They allow for predictable outcomes from one generation to the next.
D
They allow for predictable outcomes from one generation to the next.
E
Together they create a balance between what was separated in meiosis.
F
Together they create a balance between what was separated in meiosis.
G
Together they offset environmental factors that impact fertilization.
H
Together they offset environmental factors that impact fertilization.

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