The Cold War Answers

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4

After World War II, why did the USSR want to control countries in Eastern Europe?

A
The USSR mostly needed the region’s raw materials for its own economy.
B
The USSR primarily wanted to unite all of the people under one religion.
C
The USSR had controlled most of these countries before the war.
D
The USSR needed to protect its borders from future attacks.
5

Read the passage.As Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army before and during World War II, [George C.] Marshall earned a great share of the responsibility for the Allied victory. He helped plan, train and deploy ten million American soldiers and airmen, managing also the scientific development and procurement of the ever-increasingly complex weapons. After a few days of retirement following World War II, Marshall was called upon by the President to help manage the crucial problems of waging peace. As Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949, he was the personal architect of the American diplomatic and economic program which turned the tide of Communism in war-ravaged Western Europe. This program came everywhere to be known as the "Marshall Plan" and led to the coalition of free nations under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), paving the way for a revitalized Europe. For this, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.–“Biographical Sketch of George C. Marshall,”Marshall Space Flight CenterAccording to the passage, what were George C. Marshall’s nonmilitary contributions after World War II? Check all that apply.

A
He served as president of the United States.
B
He assisted in developing NATO, which helped Western Europe rebuild after the war.
C
He redesigned and reconstructed key government buildings in Western Europe that were destroyed in the war.
D
He created the Marshall Plan, which provided economic support for war-torn regions.
E
He helped stop the spread of communism in Western Europe.
6

Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States became committed to helping countries that were

f
fighting a Communist takeover.
s
struggling to establish their economies.
f
fighting against democracy.
p
promoting the domino theory.
7

Why did Stalin want to create a “buffer zone”?

A
to end the United States’ influence in Eastern Europe
B
to protect the USSR’s western border from another invasion
C
to separate East and West Germany
D
to establish a new system of government in the USSR
8

The Truman Doctrine and the containment policy were designed to

A
rebuild Europe’s economy.
B
stop Communism.
C
strengthen the USSR.
D
boost the United Nations.
9

Which of the following best describes the United States’ policy of containment following World War II?

A
The United States would invade the USSR whenever that nation seemed likely to stage a Communist takeover.
B
The United States would only provide diplomatic assistance to countries fighting a Communist takeover.
C
The United States would only go to the United Nations on behalf of nations resisting a Communist takeover.
D
The United States would use economic and military measures to prevent the spread of Communism.
10

How did the Soviet Union’s system of government help to create conflict with the United States after World War II?

A
The Soviet system of government did not allow its people to choose their own leaders, which the United States thought was wrong.
B
The Soviet system of government did not allow the USSR to join the United Nations, which the United States thought was wrong.
C
The Soviet system of government encouraged people to immigrate to the United States, which the United States thought was wrong.
D
The Soviet system of government gave the people in Eastern Europe a huge amount of freedom, which the United States thought was wrong.

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