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The Earth's Surface — Test Answers

23 verified answers
1
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Match each process with its effect on the landscape.

Answer:

creates cracks in rock|smooths riverbeds|small channels form|pulls rocks from bedrock

2
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Which landform in the observation is most likely a cirque?

A
the shallow depression filled with standing water
B
the ridge of unsorted rock on the valley floor
C
the gravel hill on the meltwater plain
D
the steep, bowl-shaped hollow near the valley head
3

Identify whether each landform is the result of erosion or deposition.

Answer not available
4

Construction has removed the top 25 cm of soil from a site. What impact will this have on plant growth?

A
Plant growth may be reduced due to the loss of the nutrient-rich A horizon.
B
Plants will thrive, as they now have direct access to clay-rich soil.
C
Root growth will increase because the B horizon has been exposed.
D
There will be minimal impact, since the B horizon provides all the needed nutrients.
7

Classify each material based on whether mass movement is likely or unlikely. Drag each to the correct box.

Answer:

25° slope of wet broken rock (talus),25° slope of dry gravel,20° slope of moist sandy clay|45° slope of dry, compact sand,40° slope of dry silt,25° slope of wet clay/silt

8

Why does the oxygen atom in water molecules face the Na raised to the plus power ion?

A
Oxygen has a partial negative charge that is attracted to Na raised to the plus power .
B
Water forms covalent bonds with ions.
C
Oxygen is heavier than hydrogen.
D
The hydrogen atoms in water are repelled by the Na raised to the plus power ions.
9

Classify each process based on the type of weathering that occurs.

Answer not available
10

Which conclusion is best supported by the diagram?

A
Wind forms all features evenly across the landscape, regardless of terrain.
B
Wind erodes materials from some areas and deposits them in other areas.
C
Wind only affects flat areas and has little impact on slopes.
D
Wind creates all landforms by piling up materials.
12

Which best explains why chemical weathering can increase the chances of bedrock collapse?

A
It causes rocks to become denser and more compact over time.
B
It adds new minerals to bedrock, making it more reactive with water.
C
It creates pressure in cracks that physically splits the rock apart.
D
It breaks down the minerals in rock, weakening the overall structure.
13

Determine whether each factor is likely to increase or decrease the risk of mass movements.

Answer not available
14

Determine whether each statement is a consequence of vegetation absence or a condition unrelated to plant cover.

Answer not available
16

What effect does root wedging have on rock?

A
It changes the color of the rock’s surface.
B
It breaks the rock apart through physical force.
C
It removes minerals from inside the rock.
D
It changes the rock’s chemical formula.
17

Match each weathering agent condition to the correct description of its effect on weathering rate.

Answer:

speeds up chemical weathering|causes frost wedging|slows most weathering processes|releases acids that speed up weathering

18

A limestone cave system is discovered beneath a region with heavy rainfall and slightly acidic groundwater. Which property of water most directly contributes to the development of the cave?

A
Water freezes and expands inside rocks.
B
Water’s polarity allows it to dissolve carbonate minerals.
C
Surface tension prevents water from flowing underground.
D
Adhesion causes water to evaporate from cracks.
19

A community must choose between two replanting strategies to reduce the risk of slope failure after a wildfire: Strategy A: Fast-growing grasses with shallow roots. Strategy B: Slower-growing trees and shrubs with deep, varied roots. Which strategy would best reduce slope failure risk, and why?

A
Strategy A, because grasses can grow back each season and form thick surface mats.
B
Strategy B, because deep and diverse root systems increase slope reinforcement at multiple depths.
C
Strategy B, because slower growth allows the soil to recover before root anchoring begins.
D
Strategy A, because faster soil coverage prevents all forms of surface erosion down sloped landscapes.
20

Why is capillary action important for transporting water in ecosystems, especially in dry environments?

A
It helps minerals travel upward by evaporating with the water.
B
It causes water movement to slow down after rainfall occurs.
C
It allows water to move upward from deeper soil layers to plant roots.
D
It reduces surface evaporation by holding water close to the soil.
21

Which factor is present in every form of mass movement?

A
water saturation of materials
B
deforestation and soil erosion
C
ground shaking that causes instability
D
slope angle that is higher than the angle of repose

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