AnswersBPHS Modern World HistoryThe Enlightenment

The Enlightenment Answers

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Which concepts best relate to the ideas of Thomas Hobbes? Select two options.natural rightssocial contractchecks and balancesabsolute governmentseparation of powersrepresentative government

A
natural rights
B
social contract
C
checks and balances
D
absolute government
E
separation of powers
F
representative government
2
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The diagram partly explains the concept of a social contract.According to Thomas Hobbes, what must citizens do in exchange for protection?

Question illustration
A
They must direct their government.
B
They must choose their government.
C
They must obey the government.
D
They must overthrow the government.
3

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4

Read the quote by John Locke from the Two Treatises of Government.The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law there is no freedom.This quote helps explain the idea of

A
writing laws to provide safety.
B
writing laws to preserve rights.
C
removing laws to ensure liberty.
D
removing laws to prevent harm.
5

Which concepts best relate to the ideas of John Locke? Select three options.natural rightssocial contractindividualistic societyabsolute governmentsingle monarchiesrepresentative government

A
natural rights
B
social contract
C
individualistic society
D
absolute government
E
single monarchies
F
representative government
6

Read the quote by the Baron de Montesquieu from The Spirit of the Laws.When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty; because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner.This quote specifically declares the need for a government

A
with more than one branch of power.
B
that has absolute rule over the people.
C
that separates church and state.
D
that can be overthrown if it becomes tyrannical.
7

Written by Baron de Montesquieu,The Spirit of the Laws is about

A
the ideal organization of government.
B
the selfish nature of human beings.
C
the need to dominate individual will.
D
the reason to restore monarchies.
8

Which statement best explains the role of government according to John Locke?

A
Governments should respect the fundamental rights of humans.
B
The absolute authority of government is essential to ensure safety.
C
The powers of government should be separated into different offices.
D
Governments take away the freedom of citizens and foster inequality.
9

Read the quote by Thomas Hobbes from Leviathan.Law was brought into the world for nothing else but to limit the natural liberty of particular men in such manner as they might not hurt, but assist one another, and join together against a common enemy.This quote helps explain the idea of

A
forming governments to protect citizens.
B
forming governments to preserve rights.
C
removing governments to ensure liberty.
D
removing governments to prevent harm.
10

How did Baron de Montesquieu’s beliefs differ from those of Thomas Hobbes?

A
Montesquieu believed that governments should have absolute power, while Hobbes believed that governments should have checks and balances.
B
Montesquieu believed that governments should have checks and balances, while Hobbes believed that governments should have absolute power.
C
Montesquieu believed that societies need laws to protect citizens, while Hobbes did not believe that societies need laws to protect citizens.
D
Montesquieu did not believe that societies need laws to protect citizens, while Hobbes believed that societies need laws to protect citizens.

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