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The Enlightenment Answers

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A
rulers
B
philosophers
C
enemies
2
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Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights?

A
life, liberty, property
B
life, cooperation, liberty
C
opportunity, property, support
D
opportunity, support, cooperation
3

Enlightenment thinking on government included

A
establishing religious doctrine.
B
using violent protest.
C
taking a secular approach.
D
supporting divine right.
4

How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed?

A
as mutually beneficial for people and government
B
as more beneficial to the government
C
as more beneficial to the people governed
D
as not at all beneficial to either group
5

Read the passage from Two Treatises of Government (1690) by John Locke.This paternal, regal power being by divine right only his, it leaves no room for human prudence, or consent, to place it any where else; for if only one man hath a divine right to the obedience of mankind, no body can claim that obedience, but he that can shew that right; nor can men’s consciences, by any other pretence, be obliged to it. And thus, this doctrine cuts up all government by the roots.

A
If only one person has the authority to rule, then no one else, even members of government, may have authority, so divine right undermines civil society.
B
If only one person has the authority to rule, there should be no confusion about how to follow the law, so divine right supports the goals of civil society.
C
If only one person has the authority to rule, the people will always eventually conflict with that ruler, so divine right undermines civil society.
D
If only one person has the authority to rule, all of the public servants they appoint will act in good faith, so divine right supports the goals of civil society.
6

How did the Enlightenment’s theories of government view the role of government?

A
as benevolent
B
as absolute
C
as transparent
D
as useful
7

Why did Montesquieu advocate the separation of powers?

A
to stop political parties from gaining too much power
B
to ensure power divisions along party lines
C
to eliminate conflict between branches of government
D
to limit the power of any single group or person
8

The key idea of John Locke’s Enlightenment theory was to protect and enhance the freedoms and rights of

A
the government.
B
the philosophers.
C
the law.
D
the individual.

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