Answers RVACR Reading Modern World HistoryWorld War I Begins

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Read the excerpt from a newspaper article about World War I.The gaseous vapor which the Germans used against the French divisions near Ypres last Thursday, contrary to the rules of The Hague Convention, introduces a new element into warfare. The attack of last Thursday evening was preceded by the rising of a cloud of vapor, greenish gray and iridescent. That vapor settled to the ground like a swamp mist and drifted toward the French trenches on a brisk wind.

The Germans overpowered the French by using chemical weapons.

By early 1915, both Germany and the Allies often used chemical weapons.

The Hague Convention had prohibited the use of chemical weapons.

Early chemical weapons acted more like a blinding mist than a poison.

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What did Germany’s Schlieffen Plan call for?

a swift victory in Russia so Germany could focus on France

a secret German alliance with Belgium and Switzerland

a series of meetings with the Allied Powers to avoid warfare

a two-front war on the eastern and western borders of Germany

In the early 1900s, what trend emerged concerning chemical weapons?

Chemical weapons became deadly, as did other aspects of warfare.

Chemical weapons disappeared and were replaced with less harmful weapons.

Chemical weapons became ineffective as technological advances slowed.

Chemical weapons remained in the form in which they were first introduced.

What was an unintended effect of the sinking of the Lusitania?

Nations turned against Germany because of German tactics that caused the deaths of innocent travelers.

The Allies realized unrestricted bombing would turn nations against them, so they developed new strategies.

Both Germany and the Allies became suspicious of passenger ships, which often carried war supplies.

The United States sent diplomats to Europe to negotiate an end to the fighting before more lives were lost.

What was the outcome of the Gallipoli campaign?

The Germans gave up several colonies to the Allies.

Allied troops won control of Greece and Bulgaria.

The Allies retreated after losing many soldiers.

German troops took control of the Mediterranean region.

U-boats were used primarily to

gather information about enemy movements by tracking warships.

protect the German coast from attack by Allied ships and submarines.

resupply troops with guns, ammunition, and food via sea rather than land.

target Allied shipments on passenger ships, warships, and merchant ships.

Read the excerpt about the effects of poison gas.Like some liquid the heavy-coloured vapour poured relentlessly into the trenches, filled them, and passed on.For a few seconds nothing happened; the sweet-smelling stuff merely tickled their nostrils; they failed to realize the danger. Then, with inconceivable rapidity, the gas worked, and blind panic spread.—British eyewitness on the western front, 1915

slowly and ineffectively

slowly and effectively

quickly and effectively

quickly and ineffectively

Where was Gallipoli located?

in the Ottoman Empire

on the Black Sea

on the eastern side of Germany

in the northeast part of France

In what way did trench warfare turn out to be a disadvantage to both Germany and the Allies in the war?

Trenches were too deep to allow troops to fire their weapons, so the troops were weak and vulnerable.

Trenches were poorly dug and collapsed often, greatly slowing the troops’ movement.

Troops from both sides often overran the same trench, leading to many deaths and injuries.

Troops were basically trapped in their trenches, preventing progress toward seizing enemy territory.

What best characterizes the trenches dug by the Allies and by Germany?

They provided excellent protection from enemy fire.

They were extensive and heavily fortified.

They allowed the troops to move forward quickly.

They were more of an asset to the Germans than to the Allies.

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