AnswersVA Earth Systems ScienceThe H-R Diagram

The H-R Diagram — Quiz Answers

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1
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Match each stellar type with its expected property.

Answer:

small, dense, and cooling over time|expanding and bright, but cooler than main sequence|hot and massive, with a short lifespan|cool and dim, but long-lived

2
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A main sequence star gradually expands into a red giant, increasing its radius by a factor of 100, while its surface temperature decreases slightly. Based on the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, what happens to its luminosity?

A
The luminosity decreases slightly, but remains nearly constant.
B
The luminosity remains the same.
C
The luminosity decreases significantly.
D
The luminosity increases dramatically.
3

Which phrase best describes the stars in the main sequence on the H-R diagram?

A
hot and dim
B
vary in temperature and luminosity but follow a diagonal trend
C
found only in the upper-right corner of the H-R diagram
D
cool and bright
4

Higher-mass stars burn fuel more quickly than lower-mass stars. Based on this trend, which statement is correct?

A
All stars live for the same amount of time.
B
A 1-solar mass star (like the Sun) will remain on the main sequence for billions of years.
C
Lower-mass stars fuse hydrogen faster than high-mass stars.
D
A 10-solar mass star will live longer than a 1-solar mass star (like the Sun).
6

Based on the H-R diagram, what is the most likely characteristic of a main sequence star with a surface temperature of 25,000 K?

A
It is a small, cool star that will remain stable for billions of years.
B
It is a red giant in the late stages of its evolution.
C
It has low luminosity and a long lifespan.
D
It is a massive star with high luminosity and a short lifespan.
7

A newly discovered star is classified as an M-type star. Based on the H-R diagram, what is most likely true about this star?

A
It will likely become a supernova in its next stage.
B
It is cooler than the Sun and likely red in color.
C
It is a very hot and luminous blue star.
D
It is undergoing nuclear fusion at a much higher rate than the Sun.
8

A star currently has a surface temperature of 10,000K and a luminosity of 200L_☉ Over time, it expands and cools, decreasing its temperature while maintaining its luminosity. Which phase of the star's lifecycle is it most likely entering?

A
white dwarf
B
red giant
C
main sequence
D
red dwarf
9

A 1-solar-mass star and a 10-solar-mass star begin their lives on the main sequence but follow different evolutionary paths. Which statement correctly describes their evolution?

A
Both stars will end as white dwarfs.
B
Both stars will end as supernovas.
C
The 10-solar-mass star will have a longer lifespan than the 1-solar-mass star.
D
The 1-solar-mass star will end as a white dwarf, while the 10-solar-mass star will end as a supernova.
10

Match the stellar characteristics to the correct star classification.

Answer:

blue supergiant|red supergiant|red dwarf|main sequence|white dwarf

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