AnswersDSD-CR-Chemistry-Term 3Unit Test

The Nucleus Answers

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The nuclei of most atoms contain multiple protons. Each proton has a positive charge. If objects that have like charges repel each other, why do the protons in the nuclei of most atoms not fly apart?

A
The charges of protons and neutrons cancel each other out.
B
Electrons outside the nucleus push on protons.
C
A strong nuclear force between an atom’s protons and neutrons holds together the atom’s nucleus.
D
Protons experience a more powerful attraction to the negatively charged particles in an atom’s nucleus.
2
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How are energy and mass connected during the formation of an atom?

A
Energy is absorbed, so the mass is increased.
B
Energy is released, so the mass is increased.
C
Energy is absorbed, so the mass is reduced.
D
Energy is released, so the mass is reduced.
3

A scientist is trying to determine whether a certain substance is radioactive. Which question would be most helpful to ask?

A
Does the substance have a positive electric charge or a negative electric charge?
B
Can the substance be used to generate electricity in a power plant?
C
Do the atoms that make up the substance have nuclei that split apart over time?
D
Do the nuclei of the substance’s atoms contain more neutrons than protons?
4

Which of the following isotopes have 8 neutrons in the nucleus?

A
O-15
B
O-17
C
C-13
D
C-14
5

How many neutrons does the isotope N-14 have?

A
6
B
7
C
8
D
9
6

Which statement illustrates the difference between a chemical reaction and a nuclear reaction?

A
A nuclear reaction releases more energy per gram and appears to violate the law of conservation of mass.
B
A nuclear reaction releases less energy per gram and appears to violate the law of conservation of mass.
C
A nuclear reaction releases more energy per gram but does not appear to violate the law of conservation of mass.
D
A nuclear reaction releases less energy per gram but does not appear to violate the law of conservation of mass.
7

Which answer choice best explains why nuclear reactions release more energy than chemical reactions?

A
Electrostatic forces of repulsion are thousands of times stronger than gravitational forces.
B
Gravitational forces are thousands of times stronger than electrostatic forces of repulsion.
C
The force that binds together protons and neutrons is stronger than the force that attracts and repels protons and electrons.
D
The force that attracts and repels protons and electrons is stronger than the force that binds together protons and neutrons.
8

In the following atomic model, where does the strong nuclear force happen?

Question illustration
A
outside A
B
between A and B
C
between B and C
D
inside C
9

These statements describe three different reactions. 1 - An atom shares electrons with another atom. 2 - The nucleus of an atom is split apart. 3 - An atom gains an electron from another atom. Which reaction(s) most likely release the greatest amount of energy?

A
1
B
2
C
1 and 3
D
2 and 3
10

Which force is most responsible for binding together an atom’s protons and neutrons?

A
electrostatic
B
gravitational
C
nuclear
D
magnetic

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The Nucleus Answers — DSD-CR-Chemistry-Term 3