Answers Chemistry Credit Recovery BEnthalpy of Reaction

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These statements describe three different reactions. 1 - An atom shares electrons with another atom. 2 - The nucleus of an atom is split apart. 3 - An atom gains an electron from another atom. Which reaction(s) most likely release the greatest amount of energy?

1 and 3

2 and 3

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In the following atomic model, where does the strong nuclear force happen?

outside A

between A and B

between B and C

inside C

In reaction A, each sodium atom gives one electron to a chlorine atom. In reaction B, an isotope of oxygen decays to form an isotope of nitrogen. Which statement best describes the energy that is released per gram by these reactions?

Reaction A releases more energy than reaction B releases.

Reaction B releases more energy than reaction A releases.

Reaction A and reaction B release equal amounts of energy.

Neither reaction A nor reaction B releases energy.

An example of a radioactive isotope is

carbon-12.

carbon-14.

neon-20.

neon-22.

What does a strong nuclear force do in an atom?

It repels electrons from other electrons.

It repels protons from other protons.

It attracts protons and neutrons.

It attracts protons and electrons.

What is the nuclear binding energy of an atom that has a mass defect of 5.0446 10–29 kg? Use E = mc2. (Remember: The speed of light is approximately 3.00 108 m/s.)

5.61 10–46 J

1.51 10–20 J

4.54 10–12 J

1.78 1045 J

Which answer choice best explains why nuclear reactions release more energy than chemical reactions?

Electrostatic forces of repulsion are thousands of times stronger than gravitational forces.

Gravitational forces are thousands of times stronger than electrostatic forces of repulsion.

The force that binds together protons and neutrons is stronger than the force that attracts and repels protons and electrons.

The force that attracts and repels protons and electrons is stronger than the force that binds together protons and neutrons.

Which answer choice best explains why uranium-238 can be used in power plants to generate electricity?

Nuclides of uranium-238 decay over time. They release large amounts of energy as their nuclei break apart.

Nuclides of uranium-238 are extremely stable. They can absorb large amounts of energy without breaking apart, so they rarely need to be replaced.

Because atoms of uranium-238 have many more electrons than protons, they release steady streams of electric current.

Because atoms of uranium-238 have many more protons than neutrons, they attract large numbers of electrons from the surrounding environment.

How many neutrons does the isotope N-14 have?

A scientist is trying to determine whether a certain substance is radioactive. Which question would be most helpful to ask?

Does the substance have a positive electric charge or a negative electric charge?

Can the substance be used to generate electricity in a power plant?

Do the atoms that make up the substance have nuclei that split apart over time?

Do the nuclei of the substance’s atoms contain more neutrons than protons?

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