The Progress of Scientific Knowledge Answers

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1
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Dalton was an English schoolteacher, Rutherford was a chemist from New Zealand, and Bohr was a Danish physicist. Each made important contributions to the atomic model. Taken together, what do these scientists demonstrate?

A
the cumulative nature of science
B
the quantitative nature of science
C
the importance of new technologies in scientific discoveries
D
the importance of diversity in the growth of scientific knowledge
2
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Scientists use results from new experiments to

A
support their own personal political opinions.
B
increase precision of data that were collected previously.
C
modify existing explanations of how nature works.
D
aid in distinguishing science from pseudoscience.
3

Curiosity is important in the progress of science because it

A
aids in the interpretation of data.
B
encourages new experimentation.
C
ensures the inclusion of different viewpoints.
D
allows a scientist to learn from others.
4

A new drug to combat acne has been developed from a compound that is found in a melon. Which scientists would contribute to the development of the drug?

A
chemists only
B
biologists and chemists
C
biologists, chemists, and physicists
D
biologists, chemists, and physicians
6

A biochemist performs an experiment to study the behavior of water molecules near proteins. He concludes that water molecules occur in groups of five in the presence of proteins. Skepticism is important in this scenario because it would help him to

A
learn from the investigations of his colleagues.
B
ask future questions related to the investigation.
C
communicate his results at a conference.
D
ensure that his conclusion is supported by evidence.
7

When the first periodic table of the elements was published, the elements were arranged by atomic mass. Although several elements seemed out of order, later discoveries showed the order to be correct. Which event most likely helped the development of the periodic table?

A
Scientists changed the atomic masses to better fit the pattern.
B
Scientists refused to consider other ways to organize the elements.
C
New technology was developed that modified the masses.
D
New information changed the understanding of the atom’s structure.
8

Erwin Schrödinger developed the quantum model of the atom. What scientific knowledge was necessary for Schrödinger’s work?

A
the discovery of the electron
B
the discovery of gamma rays
C
the invention of computers for complex calculations
D
the invention of microscopes for seeing subatomic particles
9

The theory of global warming states that the average temperature of the earth has been increasing over time. This theory will be most strongly affected by scientific studies that

A
allow the measurement of the earth’s temperatures at the poles.
B
reveal how the earth’s temperature has fluctuated in the past.
C
reveal how the earth’s temperature varies from location to location.
D
allow the measurement of the earth’s temperature with greater precision.

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