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Theory of Plate Tectonics Answers

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1
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Chao is thinking about doing a project on plate tectonics for the school science fair. Which design would best relate to how the movement in the Earth’s mantle is related to plate motion?

A
a pot of boiling water to which Chao will add food coloring to show the movement of the water
B
a flat shallow pan filled with a thick liquid heated by a hot plate with thick wooden blocks on top of the liquid
C
a flat shallow pan filled with small metal beads topped by an assembled puzzle that is shaken from side to side
D
a flat shallow pan filled with a thick liquid that can be heated by a hot plate with pieces of a thin plastic sheet floating on top of the liquid
2
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"Slab pull” is a type of tectonic plate movement that occurs due to the forces of mantle convection and results in the subduction of the lithosphere, causing

A
hot spots.
B
rift valleys.
C
ocean trenches.
D
mid-ocean ridges.
3

Iceland is a unique land mass, as it gives scientists the opportunity to study processes that normally occur at a submerged (underground) divergent plate boundary. The diagram shows that two tectonic plates meet in Iceland: the North American and the Eurasian plates, as shown in the diagram below. As these plates drift away from one another, a rift (like those normally found on the ocean floor) will be created. What chain of events will most likely occur to Iceland in the future?

Question illustration
A
The rift will widen between the two plates, and new volcanoes will be pushed up from the sea floor to create a volcanic arc running through Iceland.
B
As the rift increases in size, new crust will be created on either side of it, which will eventually fill with soil and become a low-lying valley running through Iceland.
C
The rift will widen, forming a subduction zone and resulting in an ocean trench and the formation of an island arc that separates the two halves of Iceland.
D
The rift will widen between the plates; new crust will form on either side of the rift, water from the ocean will rush in, and eventually Iceland will split apart.
4

What could be a possible explanation why tectonic plates do not all move in the same direction?

A
The magma moves the plates in the same direction, but slab pull makes them move away from one another.
B
The magma moves in the same circular path, but the plates bounce against each other and change direction.
C
The magma moves in “cells,” which circulate in different directions, moving the plates in more than one direction.
D
The magma’s movement in the mantle is highly erratic and causes the plates to move in circles.
5

Sylvia is designing a new shopping center to be built near a transform boundary. Aware of the dangers of geologic activity along a transform boundary, what would be the best safety feature for Sylvia’s design?

A
Buildings with heat-resistant exteriors that can withstand high temperatures from erupting volcanoes.
B
Shorter buildings designed with some flexibility, enabling them to move without falling apart during an earthquake.
C
Taller buildings that are made of very rigid steel beams that are strong enough to withstand the effects of an earthquake.
D
Taller buildings with very deep foundations that go past the transform boundary’s depth, anchoring them in the event of an earthquake.
6

Look at the images of the major plates of the Lithosphere.Identify the plate being pointed out by the arrow.

Question illustration
A
Caribbean Plate
B
Eurasian Plate
C
South American Plate
D
Pacific Plate
7

Where do Earth’s convection currents occur?

A
the lithosphere
B
tectonic plates
C
the asthenosphere
D
the subduction zone
8

How does the process of ridge push cause the formation of new oceans?

A
Ridge push causes a rift valley; as the plates move apart, a new ocean basin forms, filling with water and eventually becoming a mature ocean.
B
Ridge push causes a convergent plate boundary; as the plates move together, new islands form, which “trap” water between them, causing an ocean to form.
C
Ridge push causes plates to move apart from one another, creating a deep trench that eventually widens enough to become a new ocean.
D
Ridge push causes the plates to subduct, causing a deep trench that eventually fills with water and becomes a new ocean.
9

Which feature is considered evidence for continental drift?

A
hurricane frequency
B
fossil distribution
C
polar ice caps
D
global warming
10

Carlos is looking at a picture of a convergent boundary on which a volcanic arc and a trench are identified. Which type of convergent boundary is Carlos looking at?

A
an oceanic-continental convergent boundary
B
an oceanic-arctic convergent boundary
C
an continental-continental convergent boundary
D
an oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary

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