Answers NC-World History Issues and PatternsVoyages of Exploration

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What was the Commercial Revolution?

a trade war between European countries following the colonization of the New World

the decrease in global trade between Europe, the Americas, and Africa

an enormous change in the rules of commerce due to the Columbian Exchange

the replacement of colonialism with mercantilism

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What were some effects of the Columbian Exchange?

Africa grew wealthy from the slave trade, the Americas gained gold from Europe, and the merchant class of Europe was born.

Africa’s population declined, the Americas flourished with plants from Europe, and wealth flowed in the European economy.

African society was torn apart by the slave trade, the Americas exported finished goods to Europe, and European countries invested in the American stock market.

West Africa began agricultural farming, the Americas were introduced to horses, and Europe started funding state banks.

The Dutch East India Company, the British East India Company, and the Virginia Company were

single-stock companies

multiple-stock companies

monarchy-funded companies

joint-stock companies

Which is a positive balance of trade for a country?

importing goods and exporting services

importing raw materials and exporting goods

importing more goods than exporting

exporting more goods than importing

Read the passage from Olaudah Equiano’s autobiography.The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us. The air soon became unfit for respiration from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died . . . The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable.What is the main idea described in the text?

Deaths of enslaved people occurred on slave ships.

Slave ships were crowded, yet cool places.

The existence of human suffering filled slave ships.

Enslaved Africans were confined to small and dark places.

What was one reason the number of enslaved Africans in the Americas increased?

American demand for goods produced in African villages

European demand for crops grown by American plantations

African demand for goods manufactured in the American colonies

Indigenous demand for labor to produce food for a growing population

In traditional African enslavement, what happened to enslaved people who integrated into the society of their captors?

They often had an opportunity to purchase their freedom.

They were generally not allowed to earn wages.

They were not allowed to marry.

They had few opportunities to improve their social position.

The illustration shows a section of a slave ship along the Middle Passage.

It shows how tightly enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a harsh and often deadly journey.

It shows how loosely enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a very safe and calming journey.

It shows how comfortably enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a secure and harmless journey.

It shows how carelessly enslaved Africans were packed, which led to a casual and effortless journey.

What gave rise to the slave trade?

The lack of a skilled labor force in the Americas and the decline of the West African population caused residents to seek a living elsewhere.

The shipment of gold from the Americas to Europe caused plantation owners to seek inexpensive laborers.

The death of many Indigenous peoples to disease and the planting of labor-intensive crops.

The global expansion of the spice trade and the rise of Christianity in the Americas.

Timeline from 1400 to 1800. Columbus reaches America in 1492. Enslaved persons arrive in the Americas in 1511. Spain's American empire is well established in 1540. The Dutch East India company is founded in 1602. The Seven Years' War ends in 1763.

Age of Columbus

Age of Exploration

Age of Enslavement

Age of Commerce

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